NAD Biosynthesis in Humans - Enzymes, Metabolites and Therapeutic Aspects

Dölle, Christian; Skoge, Renate Hvidsten; VanLinden, Magali R.; Ziegler, Mathias

doi:10.2174/15680266113136660206

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…41 Further information on the roles of NAD-dependent enzymes in cellular metabolism can be found elsewhere. [42][43][44][45][46] Mono-ADP-ribosyl transferases 47 and ADP-ribosyl cyclases 48 are involved in several physiological processes, which include calcium signalling and DNA repair. NAMPT activity probably influences the functions of these enzymes as they also use NAD as a substrate and are inhibited by the end-product NAM.…”

Section: Physiological Role Of Namptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and pathophysiological roles of NAMPT and NAD metabolism

et al. 2015

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Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a regulator of the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pool. NAD is an essential coenzyme involved in cellular redox reactions and is a substrate for NAD-dependent enzymes. In various metabolic disorders and during ageing, levels of NAD are decreased. Through its NAD-biosynthetic activity, NAMPT influences the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes, thereby regulating cellular metabolism. In addition to its enzymatic function, extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT) has cytokine-like activity. Abnormal levels of eNAMPT are associated with various metabolic disorders. NAMPT is able to modulate processes involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and related disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by influencing the oxidative stress response, apoptosis, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation and insulin resistance. NAMPT also has a crucial role in cancer cell metabolism, is often overexpressed in tumour tissues and is an experimental target for antitumour therapies. In this Review, we discuss current understanding of the functions of NAMPT and highlight progress made in identifying the physiological role of NAMPT and its relevance in various human diseases and conditions, such as obesity, NAFLD, T2DM, cancer and ageing.

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Section: Physiological Role Of Namptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and pathophysiological roles of NAMPT and NAD metabolism

et al. 2015

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“…NMN and NAMN can also be generated from the nucleosides NR and NAR via their phosphorylation by nicotinamide riboside kinases (Fig. 1A) (2,8,10,11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Generation, Release, and Uptake of the NAD Precursor Nicotinic Acid Riboside by Human Cells

Kulikova

Shabalin

Nerinovski

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…There is widespread interest in pharmacological manipulation of NAD ϩ consumer activities because of their roles in health span and disease. As a result, NAD ϩ biosynthetic processes, which promote activity of NAD ϩ consumers, have been examined as drug targets (3)(4)(5). There is interest in both boosting NAD ϩ biosynthesis for therapeutic benefit in age-related diseases (6) and inhibiting NAD ϩ biosynthesis for therapeutic benefit in cancer (7)(8)(9).…”

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confidence: 99%