Nandrolone decanoate modulates cell cycle regulation in functionally overloaded rat soleus muscle

McClung, Joseph M.; Mehl, Kristen A.; Thompson, Raymond W.; Lowe, Larry L.; Carson, James A.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00285.2004

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…per week was much higher than the FDA-recommended analogous dosage for a human, 59 but comparable to the dosages used in other animal studies (5.6 mg/kg per day, 10 6 mg/kg per week, 30,32,57 3.75 mg/kg per week 53 ). Some studies, however, used even higher dosages (15 mg/ kg per week 6,54 ), and body builders are reported to use 10-100 times the normal therapeutic dosage of anabolic steroids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Effects of nandrolone on recovery after neurotization of chronically denervated muscle in a rat model

Isaacs¹,

Feher²,

Shall³

et al. 2013

JNS

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F unctional recovery following major peripheral nerve injuries is often suboptimal despite appropriate and standard treatment. 2,23,27,34,44 Muscles may be reinnervated but remain too weakened to offer much functional benefit. Although a complex and multifactorial problem, time-related permanent changes to denervated muscle awaiting reinnervation play a significant role in these poor results. This process, referred to as denervation atrophy, involves loss of muscle mass, muscle fiber size, and contractile composition. 16,51 While research has progressed toward ways to improve nerve regeneration and to avoid or decrease the development of these muscle changes, our focus has been on strategies to optimize and augment the functional recovery of reinnervated muscles.Anabolic steroids, which have been shown to cause hypertrophy of normal muscle, delay atrophy in immobilized muscle, and to slow progression of denervation atrophy, 9,45,59 are an obvious candidate for this application. Promising preliminary data demonstrated improved muscle contraction recovery in anabolic steroid-treated rodents following the reversal of chronic denervation of hind limb muscles. 22 The purpose of this study was to confirm and further elucidate the role and mechanism by which anabolic steroids (nandrolone) improve strength and functional recovery in reinnervated muscles followEffects of nandrolone on recovery after neurotization of chronically denervated muscle in a rat model Object. Suboptimal recovery following repair of major peripheral nerves has been partially attributed to denervation atrophy. Administration of anabolic steroids in conjunction with neurotization may improve functional recovery of chronically denervated muscle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of nandrolone on muscle recovery following prolonged denervation in a rat model.Methods. Eight groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats (15 rats per group, 120 in all) were divided into 3-or 6-month denervated hind limb and sham surgery groups and, then, nandrolone treatment groups and sham treatment groups. Evaluation of treatment effects included nerve conduction, force of contraction, comparative morphology, histology (of muscle fibers), protein electrophoresis (for muscle fiber grouping), and immunohistochemical evaluation.Results. Although a positive trend was noted, neither reinnervated nor normal muscle showed a statistically significant increase in peak muscle force following nandrolone treatment. Indirect measures, including muscle mass (weight and diameter), muscle cell size, muscle fiber type, and satellite cell counts, all failed to support significant anabolic effect.Conclusions. There does not seem to be a functional benefit from nandrolone treatment following reinnervation of either mild or moderately atrophic muscle (related to prolonged denervation) in a rodent model. (http://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/2013.5.JNS121837) key WorDs • anabolic steroid • denervation atrophy • nerve repair • rodent • muscle recovery • nand...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Effects of nandrolone on recovery after neurotization of chronically denervated muscle in a rat model

Isaacs¹,

Feher²,

Shall³

et al. 2013

JNS

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“…All of these were able to cause increased muscle mass 8,[20][21][22] , alterations in the cell cycle 7 , bone mineral density 23 , bone growth 24 , and the ARs influence these effects 8,25 . The question is if there is interference of nandrolone decanoate on viability (proliferation) of muscle cells and muscle repair.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, nandrolone itself interacts with the receptors for steroids, and produces relatively greater anabolic responses 6 . Some studies point out that nandrolone decanoate can modulate the regulation of the cell cycle, and, therefore, alter muscle mass, but intramuscular processes are not very clear yet 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nandrolone decanoate on the viability of muscle satellite cells during the differentiation process

et al. 2014

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| Studies indicate that the anabolic nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin®) can modulate cell cycle regulation, but little is known about its effects on muscle cells. Anabolic steroids are used, especially by athletes, to improve muscle mass and performance in the practice of exercises. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the anabolic Deca-Durabolin® on the proliferation of skeletal muscle precursor cells C2C12. Cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), being supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) and subjected to differentiation by the addition of 2% horse serum. They were incubated with anabolic at concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50 µM. The groups that received no anabolic or vehicle served as controls. The viability (proliferation) was evaluated by the MTT method (3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; Thiazolyl blue) after one, three and five days of incubation. Three independent experiments were performed in each of the mentioned conditions, and the results were submitted to statistical analysis with significance level of p≤0.05 (ANOVA/Dunnett). Results showed no difference in viability between muscle cells treated with anabolic and the control cultures in all parameters. In conclusion, nandrolone, at the used concentrations, was not able to alter the viability of muscle C2C12 satellite cells. Keywords | Anabolic; Athletes; Muscle Cells; Nandrolone; Cell Proliferation; Cell Differentiation.resumo | Os anabolizantes são utilizados, especialmente por atletas, com o intuito de aumento da massa muscular e melhora do desempenho. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito do anabolizante Deca-Durabolin® sobre a viabilidade (proliferação) de células satélites musculares C2C12 induzidas à diferenciação, mimetizando o processo de reparo após lesão. As células foram cultivadas em Meio Eagle Modificado por Dulbecco (DMEM) suplementado com 10% de Soro Fetal Bovino (SFB) e submetidas à diferenciação pela adição de 2% de soro de cavalo e concomitantemente incubadas com o anabolizante nas concentrações de 5, 10, 25 e 50 µM. Os grupos que não receberam o anabolizante nem o veículo serviram como controle. A viabilidade (proliferação) foi avaliada após um, três e cinco dias, utilizando o método de MTT (3-[4,5-dimetiltriazol-2-il]-2,5 difeniltetrazólio). Foram realizados três experimentos independentes, em cada condição citada, e os resultados submetidos à análise estatística com nível de significância de p≤0,05% (ANOVA/Dunnet). Os resultados permitiram verificar que não houve diferença na viabilidade entre células musculares tratadas com o anabolizante e induzidas à diferenciação e as culturas

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“…exercise selection), intensity and volume, nutritional intake, training experience, and is independent of the individual's absolute level of muscular strength. Based on these data, it appears that programs designed to stimulate testosterone secretion should be structured around large muscle-mass exercise (McClung et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nandrolone Decanoate and Resistance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle in Adult Male Rats

2012

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SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of resistance exercise associated or not with nandrolone decanoate (ND) on skeletal muscles and body mass of adult male rats. Training protocol consisted of 15 jump sessions, for 6 weeks. ND (5mg/kg) was administered twice a week. The exercise was effective in inducing respective enlargements in fiber areas of extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles. ND associate with exercise was also able to induce increases in fiber areas these muscles. In untrained group that received nandrolone decanoate an improved in muscular parameters could be observed. In conclusion, the resistance exercise was able to promote an enlargement in fiber areas of both muscles studied without ND treatment, indicating that after a period of time of adaptation to exercise, the muscular effects caused by ND could be achieved in the same way by exercise, without ND and without risks for health.

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Nandrolone decanoate modulates cell cycle regulation in functionally overloaded rat soleus muscle

Cited by 32 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of nandrolone on recovery after neurotization of chronically denervated muscle in a rat model

Effects of nandrolone on recovery after neurotization of chronically denervated muscle in a rat model

Effects of nandrolone decanoate on the viability of muscle satellite cells during the differentiation process

Effects of Nandrolone Decanoate and Resistance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle in Adult Male Rats

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