Nano-second pulsed DPSS Nd:YAG laser cutting of CFRP composites with mixed reactive and inert gases

TEA CO2 laser machining of CFRP composite

“…The current state of the art shows the capability of laser machining to achieve HAZ within tens of micrometres. The TEA CO 2 laser machining of CFRP shows better quality and low machining rate than those obtained using continuous CO 2 , fibre and Nd:YAG lasers [3,39], whereas it is showing inferior quality than those obtained using femtosecond and picosecond lasers, but its machining rate is higher than fs and ps lasers [25]. The highly efficient and low operating cost [40,41], better quality compared with CW CO 2 , fibre and YAG lasers and higher machining rate than picosecond laser make the TEA CO 2 laser potentially a practical tool for scarf repair of CFRP composite, acoustic hole drilling, edge trimming applications.…”

“…The inhomogeneity in the material properties and structures of CFRP composites makes their machining difficult by using mechanical, electrical discharge, abrasive water jet machining and lasers [3]. CFRP composites are more difficult to machine than conventional materials generally because they are heat sensitive and the carbon fibres are very abrasive [4].…”

“…It offers several advantages, such as free of tool wear and contact force-induced problems [9]. However, as laser machining of CFRP composite is based on the interaction of a laser beam with at least two different materials with large material property differences, defects that are thermal in origin, such as HAZ, charring, matrix recession and delamination, are generated which are major obstacles in advancing laser machining of CFRP composites [3]. Among these defects HAZs may damage the structural properties of the composite materials [6].…”

“…The input factors were pulse energy, cutting speed, pulse duration, pulse repetition rate and gas pressure, while the output responses were HAZ and wall taper angle. Negarestani et al [3] similarly performed a statistical analysis based on RSM and CCD to optimize the process parameters (pulse frequency, pulse energy and cutting speed) to improve the cut quality (fibre pull-out, taper angle and material remover rate) in nanosecond pulsed DPSS Nd:YAG laser cutting of CFRP composites with mixed reactive and inert gases. Negarestani et al [24] also implemented, recently, statistical analysis based on RSM to optimize the process parameters during fibre laser cutting of carbon fibre-reinforced polymeric composites.…”

High-power picosecond laser drilling/machining of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites

“…The influence of different process parameters including laser wavelengths, beam transverse mode, pulse duration, repetition rate, laser power density, fluence (energy density), beam spot size, scanning speed and machining strategy were investigated [5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Li et al [9] investigated the machining quality of CFRP using a diode-pumped solidstate UV laser.…”