Since ancient times, lime, lime pozzolanic, lime-cement, lime-clay binders, the compositions of which our ancestors found empirically, widely and everywhere used in construction. Even in the first half of the XX century, these binders occupied a significant place in the construction practice. The development of production and the relative availability of cement led to a significant reduction in demand for many clinker-free, including lime (Portland) binders. Today, the priorities of scientific and applied technological developments of both traditional building materials and materials of new generations are determined by the actualization of the concept and criteria of resource saving and energy efficiency.