Nano-TiO<sub>2</sub>modulates the dermal sensitization potency of dinitrochlorobenzene after topical exposure

Smulders, Stijn; Golanski, Luana; Smolders, Erik; Vanoirbeek, Jeroen; Hoet, Peter

doi:10.1111/bjd.13295

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Studies in mice have addressed the pro-allergic potential of Au, TiO 2 , and SiO 2 NPs in contact hypersensitivity. Such reactions are characterized by a T cell-mediated delayed-type adverse response without the presence of allergen-specific IgE or airway hyperresponsiveness with eosinophil infiltration, mucous cell metaplasia, and elevated type 2 cytokine secretion (106–108). Graphene nanosheets and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been shown to induce a T H 2 immune response in mouse models when administered intravenously (109).…”

Section: Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

et al. 2017

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The type 2 immune response is an adaptive immune program involved in defense against parasites, detoxification, and wound healing, but is predominantly known for its pathophysiological effects, manifesting as allergic disease. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are non-self entities that, to our knowledge, do not stimulate detrimental type 2 responses directly, but have the potential to modulate ongoing reactions in various ways, including the delivery of substances aiming at providing a therapeutic benefit. We review, here, the state of knowledge concerning the interaction of NPs with type 2 immune responses and highlight their potential as a multifunctional platform for therapeutic intervention.

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Section: Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

et al. 2017

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“…[16][17][18] It is obvious that nanostructures can penetrate human cells through inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact and injection. [19][20][21][22] They could be easily distributed into the blood circulation systems and from there to sensitive organs. 23,24 They also have shown side effects on blood cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo study of hazardous effects of Ag nanoparticles and Arginine‐treated multi walled carbon nanotubes on blood cells: Application in hemodialysis membranes

Zare‐Zardini

Amiri

Shanbedi

et al. 2015

J Biomedical Materials Res

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One of the novel applications of the nanostructures is the modification and development of membranes for hemocompatibility of hemodialysis. The toxicity and hemocompatibility of Ag nanoparticles and arginine-treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-Arg) and possibility of their application in membrane technology are investigated here. MWNT-Arg is prepared by amidation reactions, followed by characterization by FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed a good hemocompatibility and the hemolytic rates in the presence of both MWNT-Arg and Ag nanoparticles. The hemolytic rate of Ag nanoparticles was lower than that of MWNT-Arg. In vivo study revealed that Ag nanoparticle and MWNT-Arg decreased Hematocrit and mean number of red blood cells (RBC) statistically at concentration of 100 µg mL(-1) . The mean decrease of RBC and Hematocrit for Ag nanoparticles (18% for Hematocrit and 5.8 × 1,000,000/µL) was more than MWNT-Arg (20% for Hematocrit and 6 × 1000000/µL). In addition, MWNT-Arg and Ag nanoparticles had a direct influence on the White Blood Cell (WBC) drop. Regarding both nanostructures, although the number of WBC increased in initial concentration, it decreased significantly at the concentration of 100 µg mL(-1) . It is worth mentioning that the toxicity of Ag nanoparticle on WBC was higher than that of MWNT-Arg. Because of potent antimicrobial activity and relative hemocompatibility, MWNT-Arg could be considered as a new candidate for biomedical applications in the future especially for hemodialysis membranes.

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“…These results were confirmed by more recent studies reported by the TGA . Indeed, two studies performed in mice showed no skin sensitization after dermal application of nano‐TiO 2 on the ears for 3 days . However, nano‐TiO 2 was shown to increase dermal sensitization induced by 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene …”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Indeed, two studies performed in mice showed no skin sensitization after dermal application of nano-TiO 2 on the ears for 3 days. 1,54 However, nano-TiO 2 was shown to increase dermal sensitization induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. 54 Concerning skin irritation, the studies analysed by the SCCS provided only limited relevant information.…”

Section: Dermal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cosmetics

Dréno¹,

Chuberre

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

189

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely used in a variety of products including cosmetics. TiO2 in its nanoparticle form (nano‐TiO2) is now the only form used as an ultraviolet (UV) filter in sunscreens, but also in some day creams, foundations and lip balms. While its efficacy as a UV filter is proven in the prevention of skin cancers and sunburns, some concerns have been raised about its safety. Indeed, considering its small size, nano‐TiO2 is suspected to penetrate dermal, respiratory or gastrointestinal barriers, disseminate in the body and therefore constitute a potential risk to the consumer. At the skin level, most studies performed in humans or animals showed that nano‐TiO2 did not penetrate beyond the outer layers of stratum corneum to viable cells and did not reach the general circulation, either in healthy or in compromised skin. The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) considers nano‐TiO2 as a non‐sensitizer and as mild‐ or non‐irritant to skin and concludes in no evidence of carcinogenicity (supported by the European Chemicals Agency), mutagenicity or reproductive toxicity after dermal exposure to nano‐TiO2. According to the SCCS, nano‐TiO2 from sunscreens does not present any health risk when applied on the skin at a concentration up to 25%. However, the SCCS does not recommend the use of nano‐TiO2 in formulations that may lead to exposure of the consumer's lungs by inhalation (sprayable products and powders). Indeed, even if human data are sparse and inconsistent, lung inflammation was reported in animals. In 2016, the EU Cosmetic Regulation made nano‐TiO2 as an authorized UV filter, except in products that could lead to exposure of the lungs. After oral exposure, nano‐TiO2 absorption and toxicity are limited. The incidental oral exposure to nano‐TiO2 contained in lip balms is thus not expected to induce adverse health effects.

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Nano-TiO₂modulates the dermal sensitization potency of dinitrochlorobenzene after topical exposure

Abstract: We have demonstrated that topical exposure to TiO2 ENPs increases chemical-induced dermal sensitization.

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

In vitro and in vivo study of hazardous effects of Ag nanoparticles and Arginine‐treated multi walled carbon nanotubes on blood cells: Application in hemodialysis membranes

Safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cosmetics

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Nano-TiO2modulates the dermal sensitization potency of dinitrochlorobenzene after topical exposure

Abstract: We have demonstrated that topical exposure to TiO2 ENPs increases chemical-induced dermal sensitization.

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

Nanomaterials in the Context of Type 2 Immune Responses—Fears and Potentials

In vitro and in vivo study of hazardous effects of Ag nanoparticles and Arginine‐treated multi walled carbon nanotubes on blood cells: Application in hemodialysis membranes

Safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cosmetics

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Product

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About

Nano-TiO₂modulates the dermal sensitization potency of dinitrochlorobenzene after topical exposure