Nanofluids and heat pipe limitations

Abstract

Given the high efficiency of heat pipes as heat transfer devices, which work with phase changing principle (evaporation and condensation) and without requiring any external energy input, the heat pipes have been utilized for many years in several areas. However, heat transfer in heat pipes is limited by physical phenomena which appear during its operation, called heat pipe limitations; these can limit and reduce its performance. At this state, the use of nanofluids instead of conventional fluids come a solution after that Choi and Eastman (1995) confirmed the feasibility of enhancing the thermal conductivity of fluids by adding nanoparticles. This paper represents a general description of heat pipes, including a brief historical perspective, principle of operation and explanation of main heat transfer limitations. The work shows the contribution of nanofluids in pushing back the heat transfer limitations

Finding the Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Pipe using Hybrid Nano Fluid

“…Nanofluids shows a new trends to work as a heat transfer fluids which contains less than or equal to 1% of materials or tubes having measurement length of about 1-50 nm were hanged among the conventional fluids used for heat transferring like normal water, alcohol based liquid etc. with high stability[9], [10], [11], [12]. The term "nanofluid" was first called by Choi in Argonne National Laboratory, USA for the nano sized particles [13].…”