Nanomaterials Application in Endodontics

Abstract

In recent years, nanomaterials have become increasingly present in medicine, especially in dentistry. Their characteristics are proving to be very useful in clinical cases. Due to the intense research in the field of biomaterials and nanotechnology, the efficacy and possibilities of dental procedures have immensely expanded over the years. The nano size of materials allows them to exhibit properties not present in their larger-in-scale counterparts. The medical procedures in endodontics are time-consuming and mostly require several visits to be able to achieve the proper result. In this field of dentistry, there are still major issues about the removal of the mostly bacterial infection from the dental root canals. It has been confirmed that nanoparticles are much more efficient than traditional materials and appear to have superior properties when it comes to surface chemistry and bonding. Their unique antibacterial properties are also promising features in every medical procedure, especially in endodontics. High versatility of use of nanomaterials makes them a powerful tool in dental clinics, in a plethora of endodontic procedures, including pulp regeneration, drug delivery, root repair, disinfection, obturation and canal filling. This study focuses on summing up the current knowledge about the utility of nanomaterials in endodontics, their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and provides a number of reasons why research in this field should be continued.

Medical and Dental Applications of Titania Nanoparticles: An Overview

“…Electron transfer from either π-bonded orbitals or non-bonded orbitals originates this form of alterations. Thus, this standard tool [ 104 ] obtains deep knowledge about aromatic and non-aromatic compounds, π-electron orbital systems, conjugated and non-conjugated peripheries, bonding and non-bonding attachments, and saturated and unsaturated electronic systems in TiO 2 NPs. Moreover, the UV–Vis absorption spectrum depicted the two characteristic peaks of TiO 2 NPs in the wavelength and absorbance ranges of 264 nm and 322 nm in previous studies [ 105 , 106 ].…”

Emergence of Nano-Dentistry as a Reality of Contemporary Dentistry

“…The manufacturing company claims that this sealer has excellent adaptation due to its optimal flowability and can undergo gradual volumetric expansion, thus, it can adapt well to the root canal walls and can be used not only as a sealer but even as a root filling material. The sealer part of GuttaFlow is highly thixotropic, has a fine grain size (<9 µm), and the material flows well under slight pressure into the lateral canals [64][65][66][67][68].…”

Patellar Tendinopathy: Critical Analysis Review of Current Nonoperative Treatments

“…Stem cells are a group of undifferentiated cells that are characterized by the ability to proliferate extensively into various types of cells and tissue 45 . Currently, stem cells may be classified into 5 different groups: totipotent stem cells, which can divide into any cell composing the organism; pluripotent stem cells, which form all germ layer cells; multipotent stem cells, which can divide into specific cell lineages; oligopotent stem cells, which can differentiate into many different cell types; and unipotent stem cells, which are able to form only 1 type of cell 46 . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of multipotent stem cell that has been proposed as a therapeutic treatment in the management of a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, including patellar tendinopathy [47][48][49] .…”