Nanomembrane-Based Apheresis: A Simple and Safe Procedure for Preventing Cardiovascular Complications in Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses various abnormalities, including obesity, arterial hypertension, and diabetes, posing significant cardiovascular risks. Novel interventions are needed to address these risks promptly. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of Nanomembrane-based low-volume plasma exchange (LVPE) in reducing cardiovascular risk factors in MetS patients. Material and Methods: Forty-eight MetS patients (31.3% female, 68.7% male, mean age 50 years) underwent four cycles of LVPE using the Hemofenix device and nanotech membrane PFM 500. LVPE, performed every other day, removed 30% of circulating plasma, replaced with saline. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-treatment for biomarker assessment. Results: LVPE significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001), sedimentation rate (p<0.0001), glucose (p<0.001), cholesterol (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.011), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.006), fibrinogen (p<0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (p<0.02), and high-sensitivity CRP (p<0.06). No significant changes occurred in the complete blood count. Conclusions: LVPE emerges as a promising, minimally invasive intervention for reducing cardiovascular risk factors in MetS patients. By targeting proinflammatory and proatherogenic factors, LVPE could revolutionize MetS management and prevent cardiovascular complications. Future studies should optimize LVPE protocols and assess long-term efficacy in larger cohorts.