Nanoparticle-Enabled Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Dose Control and Tissue Targeting

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery systems have been around for decades, and current technologies (e.g. patches, ointments, and creams) enhance the skin permeation of low molecular weight, lipophilic drugs that are efficacious at low doses. The objective of current transdermal drug delivery research is to discover ways to enhance skin penetration of larger, hydrophilic drugs and macromolecules for disease treatment and vaccination. Nanocarriers made of lipids, metals, or polymers have been successfully used to increase penetration of drugs or vaccines, control drug release, and target drugs to specific areas of skin in vivo. While more research is needed to identify the safety of nanocarriers, this technology has the potential to expand the use of transdermal routes of administration to a wide array of therapeutics. Here, we review the current state of nanoparticle skin delivery systems with special emphasis on targeting skin diseases.

Nanodermatology‐based solutions for psoriasis: State‐of‐the art and future prospects

“…Nanodermatology-based solutions (Boixeda, Feltes, Santiago, & Paoli, 2015;Dadwal, Mishra, & Narang, 2018;DeLouise, 2012;Palmer & DeLouise, 2016;Rahman et al, 2015;Saraceno, Chiricozzi, Gabellini, & Chimenti, 2013) appear promising for the proper diagnosis, treatment, and management of psoriasis, a disease with a worldwide prevalence of 2-3%, which poses a significant burden on patients and more generally on society. Available studies are focused on the use of nanotechnology-based drug delivery for immunomodulating drugs only.…”

Recent Advances in the Transdermal Delivery of Protein Therapeutics with a Combinatorial System of Chemical Adjuvants and Physical Penetration Enhancements

“…Polymeric or metallic nanoparticles have also been attractive to be used to encapsulate the protein‐based drugs, and to enhance the transdermal delivery efficacy. While the nanoparticles have been reported to possess higher stability compared to the vesicular systems, it is considered challenging to transport nanoparticles through human skin …”

“…While the nanoparticle‐mediated transdermal delivery of protein therapeutics was somewhat useful, most of them have been believed to be delivered via the follicular route, with the exception of nanoparticles with tiny size, as mentioned above. Since the transport pathway of nanoparticles is mostly limited to the follicular route, Palmer and DeLouise announced that the nanoparticle‐based route might be ideal for treating diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, whose skin was characterized by barrier‐disrupted skin, and they thoroughly reviewed the relevant research efforts …”

“…While the nanoparticles have been reported to possess higher stability compared to the vesicular systems, it is considered challenging to transport nanoparticles through human skin. [77] Chitosan-based nanoparticles have been investigated for the transdermal delivery of protein therapeutics. Özbas-Turan et al loaded a reporter gene pSV--Gal on the various particle size of 200-287 nm of chitosan/TPP (tripolyphosphate) nanoparticle and subsequently found out that sustained gene expression was obtained with the application on the skin.…”

A Transdermal Measurement Platform Based on Microfluidics

“…Transdermal drug delivery has been a topic of considerable research in the field of pharmaceuticals for decades [1]. Current and future prospects of transdermal drug delivery have been reviewed thoroughly in many articles.…”