Nanoparticles Targeting Innate Immune Cells in Tumor Microenvironment

Jang, Hochung; Kim, Eun Hye; Gil, Sung; Kim, Sun Hwa; Yang, Yoosoo

doi:10.3390/ijms221810009

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…Determining appropriate immunotherapy treatment plans for cancer patients now relies significantly on the detection of immune cells that can serve as biomarkers in the cancer immunological microenvironment. The quantity of immune cells and how they are distributed is the single most critical element in determining the eventual course of a tumor, including whether or not it will inhibit or promote carcinogenesis, cell metastasis, cell migration, and tumor angiogenesis [36,37]. Nevertheless, 7 Disease Markers the immunological microenvironment in the many forms of cancer is intricate and heterogeneous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KDELR3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Related to the Immune Infiltration and Chemoresistance of Anticancer Drugs in Uveal Melanoma

Zhang

Guan

et al. 2022

Disease Markers

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Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intraocular malignancy in adults in which approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic diseases and have a poor clinical outcome. Immunotherapies are quickly becoming a need, and recent research has produced some amazing achievements in this area. In the current investigation, an attempt was made to evaluate the prognostic usefulness of KDELR3 in UM, particularly its connection with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The expression patterns of mRNAs and related clinical data of 80 UM patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). By using RT-PCR, we were able to investigate whether or not UM cells and D78 cells expressed KDELR3. The Kaplan-Meier approach, as well as univariate and multivariate tests, was utilized in order to investigate the potential predictive significance of KDELR3 expression. The associations between KDELR3 and TILs and immunological checkpoints were analyzed in order to evaluate the effect that KDELR3 may have on UM immunotherapy. On the basis of the differential expression of KDELR3, a distribution of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of various targeted medicines was observed. In this study, we found that the expression of KDELR3 was distinctly increased in most types of tumors. In addition, KDELR3 was highly expressed in UM cells. Moreover, patients with high KDELR3 expression exhibited a shorter overall survival and disease-free survival than those with low KDELR3 expression. Multivariate analyses confirmed that KDELR3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with UM. Furthermore, KDELR3 expression was demonstrated to be positively correlated with macrophage M1, T cell CD8, T cell follicular helper, dendritic cell resting, and T cell CD4 memory activated. Meanwhile, the expression of KDELR3 was related to several immune checkpoints. The IC50 of AP-24534, BHG712, bleomycin, camptothecin, cisplatin, cytarabine, GSK1070916, and tipifarnib was higher in the KDELR3 high-expression group. In conclusion, KDELR3 may be applied as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for UM patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KDELR3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Related to the Immune Infiltration and Chemoresistance of Anticancer Drugs in Uveal Melanoma

Zhang

Guan

et al. 2022

Disease Markers

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“…In the context of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), nanomaterials can be used to modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Treg cells), regulatory B cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), as well as cancer-associated fibroblasts. Several nanoparticle-based strategies that target TAMs for suppressing tumor progression include TAM depletion, inhibiting monocyte recruitment, and TAM reprogramming[ 25 ]. Recent studies showed that the utilization of dendrimer nanoparticles carrying the chemotherapeutic methotrexate that specifically recognize the folate receptor-2, which is overexpressed in TAMs, increases therapeutic efficacy by depleting TAMs[ 25 ].…”

Section: Types Of Cancer Nanomedicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several nanoparticle-based strategies that target TAMs for suppressing tumor progression include TAM depletion, inhibiting monocyte recruitment, and TAM reprogramming[ 25 ]. Recent studies showed that the utilization of dendrimer nanoparticles carrying the chemotherapeutic methotrexate that specifically recognize the folate receptor-2, which is overexpressed in TAMs, increases therapeutic efficacy by depleting TAMs[ 25 ]. Considering monocyte recruitment, it is reported that silver nanoparticles have an adjuvant effect inducing recruitment and activation of local macrophages[ 26 ].…”

Section: Types Of Cancer Nanomedicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the reprogramming of macrophages, there have been attempts for creating an albumin-derived nanoplatform that delivers both the disulfiram/copper complex and macrophage modulator regorafenib for reprogramming macrophage[ 27 ]. In the context of down-regulating Treg cells, a common strategy is the use of checkpoint blockade antibodies (anticytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4)[ 25 ]. A modulating strategy for abnormal MDSC differentiation has been introduced, using lipid-coated biodegradable hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles[ 28 ] in order to induce differentiation of MDSCs to mature DCs, macrophages, and granulocytes.…”

Section: Types Of Cancer Nanomedicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomedicine approaches for treatment of hematologic and oncologic malignancies

Nteli¹,

Bajwa²,

Politakis³

et al. 2022

WJCO

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Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Nowadays, the therapies are inadequate and spur demand for improved technologies. Rapid growth in nanotechnology and novel nanomedicine products represents an opportunity to achieve sophisticated targeting strategies and multi-functionality. Nanomedicine is increasingly used to develop new cancer diagnosis and treatment methods since this technology can modulate the biodistribution and the target site accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs, thereby reducing their toxicity. Cancer nanotechnology and cancer immunotherapy are two parallel themes that have emerged over the last few decades while searching for a cure for cancer. Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment, as it can achieve unprecedented responses in advanced-stage patients, including complete cures and long-term survival. A deeper understanding of the human immune system allows the establishment of combination regimens in which immunotherapy is combined with other treatment modalities (as in the case of the nanodrug Ferumoxytol). Furthermore, the combination of gene therapy approaches with nanotechnology that aims to silence or express cancer-relevant genes via one-time treatment is gradually progressing from bench to bedside. The most common example includes lipid-based nanoparticles that target VEGF-Α and KRAS pathways. This review focuses on nanoparticle-based platforms utilized in recent advances aiming to increase the efficacy of currently available cancer therapies. The insights provided and the evidence obtained in this paper indicate a bright future ahead for immuno-oncology applications of engineering nanomedicines.

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“…TME with specific antibody to potentially alleviate adverse effects(106). In addition to eliminating inhibitory signals in the TME, improving the immunogenicity of tumor cells to enhance CTL function is also an important strategy for immunotherapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semaphorins as Potential Immune Therapeutic Targets for Cancer

et al. 2022

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Semaphorins are a large class of secreted or membrane-bound molecules. It has been reported that semaphorins play important roles in regulating several hallmarks of cancer, including angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. Semaphorins and their receptors are widely expressed on tumor cells and immune cells. However, the biological role of semaphorins in tumor immune microenvironment is intricate. The dysregulation of semaphorins influences the recruitment and infiltration of immune cells, leading to abnormal anti-tumor effect. Although the underlying mechanisms of semaphorins on regulating tumor-infiltrating immune cell activation and functions are not fully understood, semaphorins can notably be promising immunotherapy targets for cancer.

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Nanoparticles Targeting Innate Immune Cells in Tumor Microenvironment

Cited by 18 publications

References 157 publications

KDELR3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Related to the Immune Infiltration and Chemoresistance of Anticancer Drugs in Uveal Melanoma

KDELR3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Related to the Immune Infiltration and Chemoresistance of Anticancer Drugs in Uveal Melanoma

Nanomedicine approaches for treatment of hematologic and oncologic malignancies

Semaphorins as Potential Immune Therapeutic Targets for Cancer

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