Nanostructured modified ultrananocrystalline diamond surfaces as immobilization support for lipases

Ultra-smooth and hydrophobic nitrogen-incorporated ultranano-crystalline diamond film growth in C-H-O-N gas phase system via microwave plasma CVD

“…The contact angle of fluorinated UNCD can be achieved to 95-110°. However, the smoothest surface was still more than 10 nm with cauliflower-like or fine grass-like surface and the plasma post treatment was indispensable as well [11][12][13][14][15]. Alternatively, for the as-grown hydrogen terminated UNCD, the contact angle was merely 70°.…”

“…These properties of UNCD surfaces strongly relies on surface characteristics, e.g., the hydrogen or fluorine terminated UNCD showing a hydrophobic characteristic. However, these termination were formed by plasma post-treatment that with unsatisfactory surface smoothness [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Moreover, although the hydrophobicity can be realized by as-grown hydrogen terminated UNCD, the contact angle was not excellent as well as the surface smoothness [15][16][17].…”