Nanotechnology- future prospect in recent medicine: a review

Jena, Monalisa; Mishra, Swati; Jena, Swetalina; Mishra, Sujata

doi:10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20130802

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Enhanced durability, performance, strength, flexibility, and the inimitable physicochemical properties of nanomaterials are being explored in the health industry. They can be used in treatment modalities including targeted drug delivery, prognostic visual monitoring of therapy, and even the detection of tumors [205] , [206] . Nanomaterials, typically 0.2–100 nm in size, have a high surface-to-volume ratio [207] ; this increases their interaction with microbes enhancing their antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance

Gupta

Birdi

2017

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

285

159

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The discovery of antibiotics in the previous century lead to reduction in mortality and morbidity due to infectious diseases but their inappropriate and irrational use has resulted in emergence of resistant microbial populations. Alteration of target sites, active efflux of drugs and enzymatic degradations are the strategies employed by the pathogenic bacteria to develop intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. This has led to an increased interest in medicinal plants since 25–50% of current pharmaceuticals are plant derived. Crude extracts of medicinal plants could serve as an alternate source of resistance modifying agents owing to the wide variety of secondary metabolites. These metabolites (alkaloids, tannins, polyphenols etc.) could act as potentials for antimicrobials and resistance modifiers. Plant extracts have the ability to bind to protein domains leading to modification or inhibition protein–protein interactions. This enables the herbals to also present themselves as effective modulators of host related cellular processes viz immune response, mitosis, apoptosis and signal transduction. Thus they may exert their activity not only by killing the microorganism but by affecting key events in the pathogenic process, thereby, the bacteria, fungi and viruses may have a reduced ability to develop resistance to botanicals. The article is meant to stimulate research wherein the cidal activity of the extract is not the only parameter considered but other mechanism of action by which plants can combat drug resistant microbes are investigated. The present article emphasizes on mechanisms involved in countering multi drug resistance.

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Section: Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance

Gupta

Birdi

2017

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

285

159

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“…It is expected that nanotechnology will assist in the building of molecular systems with properties of living systems. Such structures could enable regeneration or replacement of body parts lost to infection, accident, or disease (47). A further development is silicon NPs with polymer-like strands holding an anti-cancer drug; these degrade upon entering the cells and discharge the contents (48).…”

Section: Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer in North Cyprus: 2. Biomedical Research Activities

Djamgoz¹,

Akün²,

Arslan³

et al. 2017

Cyprus J Med Sci

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This is the second part of a two-part review on the cancer status of North Cyprus. Here, we give an overview of the various areas of research on cancer. There are four main areas of ongoing biomedical investigation. First, monitoring of possible carcinogenic chemical factors in the environment (soil and water) is focused on arsenic. Arsenic has been found to exist broadly over the island at levels above the minimum level advised by the Environmental Protection Agency. At present, the source(s) of environmental arsenic is unclear. Second, pathophysiological mechanisms of breast and prostate cancer are being investigated with a focus on ion channels (particularly, the voltage-gated sodium channel) driving the metastatic process. In particular, the triangular relationship involving the channel, its persistent current component, and tumor hypoxia is being elucidated. Third, a further emerging theme is the association of microbiota with cancer. The possible roles of bacterial infections or microbiota in preventing, treating, or causing several types of cancers are among these projects. Fourth, a range of developments in nanotechnology is being considered. It is concluded that the island offers significant opportunities for internationally competitive, multi-faceted research on cancer.

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“…Enhanced durability, performance, strength, flexibility, and the inimitable physicochemical properties of nanomaterials have been explored in the health industry. Nanomaterials can be used in treatment modalities including targeted drug delivery, prognostic visual monitoring of therapy, and even the detection of tumors [28,29]. However, continuous exposure of humans to nanoparticles (NPs) in the work place can cause unpredictable human health risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles: Alternatives Against Drug-Resistant Pathogenic Microbes

Rudramurthy¹,

et al. 2016

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Antimicrobial substances may be synthetic, semisynthetic, or of natural origin (i.e., from plants and animals). Antimicrobials are considered "miracle drugs" and can determine if an infected patient/animal recovers or dies. However, the misuse of antimicrobials has led to the development of multi-drug-resistant bacteria, which is one of the greatest challenges for healthcare practitioners and is a significant global threat. The major concern with the development of antimicrobial resistance is the spread of resistant organisms. The replacement of conventional antimicrobials by new technology to counteract antimicrobial resistance is ongoing. Nanotechnology-driven innovations provide hope for patients and practitioners in overcoming the problem of drug resistance. Nanomaterials have tremendous potential in both the medical and veterinary fields. Several nanostructures comprising metallic particles have been developed to counteract microbial pathogens. The effectiveness of nanoparticles (NPs) depends on the interaction between the microorganism and the NPs. The development of effective nanomaterials requires in-depth knowledge of the physicochemical properties of NPs and the biological aspects of microorganisms. However, the risks associated with using NPs in healthcare need to be addressed. The present review highlights the antimicrobial effects of various nanomaterials and their potential advantages, drawbacks, or side effects. In addition, this comprehensive information may be useful in the discovery of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs for use against multi-drug-resistant microbial pathogens in the near future.

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Nanotechnology- future prospect in recent medicine: a review

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance

Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance

Cancer in North Cyprus: 2. Biomedical Research Activities

Nanoparticles: Alternatives Against Drug-Resistant Pathogenic Microbes

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