Nardochinoid B Inhibited the Activation of RAW264.7 Macrophages Stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide through Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway

Abstract

Nardochinoid B (NAB) is a new compound isolated from Nardostachys chinensis. Although our previous study reported that the NAB suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells, the specific mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of NAB remains unknown. Thus, we examined the effects of NAB against LPS-induced inflammation. In this study, we found that NAB suppressed the LPS-induced inflammatory responses by restraining the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins and mRNA instead of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and mRNA in RAW264.7 cells, implying that NAB may have lower side effects compared with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Besides, NAB upregulated the protein and mRNA expressions of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 when it exerted its anti-inflammatory effects. Also, NAB restrained the production of NO by increasing HO-1 expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Thus, it is considered that the anti-inflammatory effect of NAB is associated with an induction of antioxidant protein HO-1, and thus NAB may be a potential HO-1 inducer for treating inflammatory diseases. Moreover, our study found that the inhibitory effect of NAB on NO is similar to that of the positive drug dexamethasone, suggesting that NAB has great potential for developing new drugs in treating inflammatory diseases.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lasia spinosa Leaf Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages

“…These findings illustrate that LS leaf extract is able to activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to promote the downstream expression of HO-1, in order to reduce ROS production. These findings coincide with the findings from Yao et al (2019) that nardochinoid B isolated from Nardostachys chinensis inhibits the activation of RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway [53]. However, nardochinoid B did not inhibit the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.…”

Whitening and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation properties of the biotransformed green ginseng berry of new cultivar K1, ginsenoside Rg2 enriched, on B16 and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

“…The finding was further supported by previous studies [ 43 , 44 ]. Notably, NO generation was reported with slight reduction with the increase of intracellular ROS levels after Dex (1 uM) group, which the result was aliased with previous studies [ 45 , 46 ]. Conclusively, GK-1 and BGK-1 could inhibit LPS-challenged ROS accumulation in macrophages.…”

Diethyl Blechnic Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Activity via the TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

“…RAW264.7, a mouse macrophage, induced by LPS, is used as an inflammation model in vitro. LPS can induce cells to produce a variety of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines and similar, which in turn promote inflammation [31]. Therefore, this model is widely applied for drug screening and anti-inflammation evaluation.…”