Naringenin as a Possible Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19

Agrawal, Pawan K.; Agrawal, Chandan; Blunden, Gerald

doi:10.1177/1934578x211066723

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…By preventing virus entry and/or its replication or clearing of cells into which the virus has already entered, effective treatments with antivirals can help to slow the spread of a person's infection, potentially reducing the length and severity of symptoms. Thus, safe and effective antivirals responsible for restricting viral entry and/or disruption of the replication process are crucial to the pandemic response [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Agrawal¹,

Agrawal²,

Blunden

2022

Molecules

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As the world desperately searches for ways to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a growing number of people are turning to herbal remedies. The Artemisia species, such as A. annua and A. afra, in particular, exhibit positive effects against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 related symptoms. A. annua is a source of artemisinin, which is active against malaria, and also exhibits potential for other diseases. This has increased interest in artemisinin’s potential for drug repurposing. Artemisinin-based combination therapies, so-called ACTs, have already been recognized as first-line treatments against malaria. Artemisia extract, as well as ACTs, have demonstrated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. Artemisinin and its derivatives have also shown anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that plays a key role in the development of severe COVID-19. There is now sufficient evidence in the literature to suggest the effectiveness of Artemisia, its constituents and/or artemisinin derivatives, to fight against the SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting its invasion, and replication, as well as reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and mitigating lung damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Agrawal¹,

Agrawal²,

Blunden

2022

Molecules

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“…36,37 Besides, naringenin was regarded as a candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection. 38 Kaempferol could repair acute lung injury via the MAPK signaling pathway. 39 Both β-sitosterol and stigmasterol could alleviate the inflammatory reaction induced by LPS in the macrophage model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jiedu Huoxue Decoction for Cytokine Storm and Thrombosis in Severe COVID-19: A Combined Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry Approach

Liu

Yan

Jia

et al. 2022

Natural Product Communications

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Jiedu Huoxue Decoction (JHD), a recommended traditional prescription for patients with severe COVID-19, has appeared in the treatment protocols in China. Based on bioinformatics and computational chemistry methods, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA) calculation, we aimed to reveal the mechanism of JHD in treating severe COVID-19. The compounds in JHD were obtained and screened on TCMSP, SwissADME, and ADMETLab platforms. The compound targets were obtained from TCMSP and STITCH, while COVID-19 targets were obtained from Genecards and NCBI. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by using STRING. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment were performed with ClueGO and R language. AutoDock vina was employed for molecular docking. 100 ns MD simulation of the optimal docking complex was carried out with AmberTools 20. A total of 84 compounds and 29 potential targets of JHD for COVID-19 were collected. The key phytochemicals included quercetin, luteolin, β-sitosterol, puerarin, stigmasterol, kaempferol, and wogonin, which could regulate the immune system. The hub genes included IL6, IL10, VEGFA, IL1B, CCL2, HMOX1, DPP4, and ACE2. ACE2 and DPP4 were related to SARS-CoV-2 entering cells. GO and KEGG analysis showed that JHD could intervene in cytokine storm and endothelial proliferation and migration related to thrombosis. The molecular docking, 100 ns MD simulation, and MM/GBSA calculation confirmed that targets enriched in the COVID-19 pathway had high affinities with related compounds, and the conformations of the puerarin-ACE2, quercetin-EGFR, luteolin-EGFR, and quercetin-IL1B complexes were stable. In a word, JHD could treat COVID-19 by intervening in cytokine storm, thrombosis, and the entry of SARS-CoV-2, while regulating the immune system. These mechanisms were consistent with JHD's therapeutic concept of “detoxification” and “promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis” in treating COVID-19. The research provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of JHD.

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“…Emerging literature [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107] suggests that flavonoids exhibit prominent activities against several viruses, including COVID-19. In general, viruses, whether having a DNA or RNA genome rely on the cellular machinery of the hosts and their surroundings to infect and continue to multiply.…”

Section: Antiviral Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral and Possible Prophylactic Significance of Myricetin for COVID-19

Agrawal¹,

Agrawal²,

Blunden

2023

Natural Product Communications

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Myricetin (3,5,7,3′,4′,5′ -hexahydroxyflavone), a common dietary flavonoid, has been reported for its roles in improving health due to various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic. Myricetin has also been shown to have a broad spectrum of antiviral effects against a variety of viruses including Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Coxsackie virus, Ebolavirus, Zika virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2), dengue virus, murine norovirus, infectious bronchitis virus, African swine fever virus, and both DNA polymerase α and DNA polymerase I. Intensive research suggests that the remarkable potential of myricetin in promoting either the prevention or overcoming of SARS-CoV-2 infection is due to the wide range of its effects on SARS-COV-2 proteases, including modulation of inflammatory processes and immune responses. In silico and in vitro studies demonstrated that myricetin can effectively interfere at various stages of viral infection, including the coronavirus entry and replication cycle due to its high-binding affinity with S-protein, ACE2 receptor, PLpro, Mpro, RdRp, exonuclease, and endoribonuclease. Based on the findings discussed in this review, myricetin, its glycosides, and dihydromyricetin, can be considered as multi-targeted agents having beneficial effects in combatting COVID-19.

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Naringenin as a Possible Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19

Cited by 20 publications

References 206 publications

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Jiedu Huoxue Decoction for Cytokine Storm and Thrombosis in Severe COVID-19: A Combined Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry Approach

Antiviral and Possible Prophylactic Significance of Myricetin for COVID-19

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