Nasal colonization with coronavirus and apnea of the premature newborn

Sizun, Jacques; Soupre, D; Giroux, J. D.; Alix, D; Parscau, De; Legrand, M.-C.; Demazure, M.; Chastel, C

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12650.x

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A neonatal screening program for HCoV has been in place in neonatal and pediatric units in Brest for 10 years. The first study was a retrospective one, with 19 respiratory specimens found HCoV-229E positive in newborns by IF [25]. In 1995, these results were confirmed by a prospective study, which showed an HCoV incidence of 25% in symptomatic neonates of gestational age under 32 weeks [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Detection of human Coronavirus 229E in nasal specimens in large scale studies using an RT-PCR hybridization assay

Vallet

Gagneur

Talbot

et al. 2004

Molecular and Cellular Probes

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A novel human Coronavirus (HCoV) was this year recognized as the etiological agent of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Two other HCoV (HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43) have been known for 30 years. HCoV-229E has been recently involved in nosocomial respiratory viral infections in high-risk children. However, their diagnosis is not routinely performed. Currently, reliable immunofluorescence and cell culture methodologies are not available. As part of a four-year epidemiological study in a Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive care unit, we have performed and demonstrated the reliability of a reverse transcription-PCR-hybridization assay to detect HCoV of the 229E antigenic group in 2028 clinical respiratory specimens. In hospitalized children (children and newborns) and staff members we found a high incidence of HcoV-229E infection. This reverse transcription-PCR-hybridization assay gave a high specificity and a sensitivity of 0.5 50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose per ml. This technique is reliable and its application for screening large number of clinical samples would improve the diagnosis of HCoVs respiratory infection and our knowledge of these viruses epidemiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Detection of human Coronavirus 229E in nasal specimens in large scale studies using an RT-PCR hybridization assay

Vallet

Gagneur

Talbot

et al. 2004

Molecular and Cellular Probes

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“…Our study confirms previous reports of HCoVrelated infections occurring in NICU. 5,24 HCoV are widespread and responsible for one-third of common colds in children and adults. 25 Their role in lower respiratory infection is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies, bradycardia and apnoea were the most frequent signs of infection. 5,24 The lack of knowledge on HCoV epidemiology could be explained by an absence of effective diagnostic methods. Our study was based on indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) results, a standard method for diagnosis of respiratory viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus-related nosocomial viral respiratory infections in a neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study

Gagneur¹,

Sizun²,

Vallet³

et al. 2002

Journal of Hospital Infection

112

109

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The incidence of nosocomial viral respiratory infections (NVRI) in neonates and children hospitalized in paediatric and neonatal intensive care units (PNICU) is unknown. Human coronaviruses (HCoV) have been implicated in NVRI in hospitalized preterm neonates. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of HCoV-related NVRI in neonates and children hospitalized in a PNICU and the prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in staff. All neonates (age< or =28 days) and children (age>28 days) hospitalized between November 1997 and April 1998 were included. Nasal samples were obtained by cytological brush at admission and weekly thereafter. Nasal samples were taken monthly from staff. Virological studies were performed, using indirect immunofluorescence, for HCoV strains 229E and OC43, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus types A and B, paramyxoviruses types 1, 2 and 3 and adenovirus. A total of 120 patients were enrolled (64 neonates and 56 children). Twenty-two samples from 20 patients were positive (incidence 16.7%). In neonates, seven positive samples, all for HCoV, were detected (incidence 11%). Risk factors for NVRI in neonates were: duration of hospitalization, antibiotic treatment and duration of parenteral nutrition (P<0.01). Monthly prevalence of viral infections in staff was between 0% and 10.5%, mainly with HCoV. In children, 15 samples were positive in 13 children at admission (seven RSV, five influenza and three adenovirus) but no NVRI were observed. In spite of a high rate of community-acquired infection in hospitalized children, the incidence of NVRI with common respiratory viruses appears low in neonates, HCoV being the most important pathogen of NRVI in neonates during this study period. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact on pulmonary function.

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“…En 1991, nous avons rapporté quatre cas d'infections respiratoires à HCoV chez des nouveau-nés prématurés hospitalisés en unité de réanimation pédiatrique polyvalente [39]. Ces enfants présentaient des épisodes d'apnées sévères, de survenue brutale, résistant aux méthylxanthines, associés à des bradycardies, sans cause neurologique, digestive, ou cardiaque.…”

Section: Observations D'apnées Sévères Du Prématuré Associées à Une Cunclassified

Infections nosocomiales à coronavirus humains chez le nouveau-né

Gagneur

Legrand²,

Picard³

et al. 2002

Archives de Pédiatrie

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Human coronaviruses, with two known serogroups named 229-E and OC-43, are enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses. The large RNA is surrounded by a nucleoprotein (protein N). The envelop contains 2 or 3 glycoproteins: spike protein (or protein S), matrix protein (or protein M) and a hemagglutinin (or protein HE). Their pathogen role remains unclear because their isolation is difficult. Reliable and rapid methods as immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction allow new researches on epidemiology. Human coronaviruses can survive for as long as 6 days in suspension and 3 hours after drying on surfaces, suggesting that they could be a source of hospital-acquired infections. Two prospective studies conducted in a neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit demonstrated a significant association of coronavirus-positive nasopharyngal samples with respiratory illness in hospitalised preterm neonates. Positive samples from staff suggested either a patient-to-staff or a staff-to-patient transmission. No cross-infection were observed from community-acquired respiratory-syncitial virus or influenza-infected children to neonates. Universal precautions with hand washing and surface desinfection could be proposed to prevent coronavirus transmission.

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Nasal colonization with coronavirus and apnea of the premature newborn

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Detection of human Coronavirus 229E in nasal specimens in large scale studies using an RT-PCR hybridization assay

Detection of human Coronavirus 229E in nasal specimens in large scale studies using an RT-PCR hybridization assay

Coronavirus-related nosocomial viral respiratory infections in a neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study

Infections nosocomiales à coronavirus humains chez le nouveau-né

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