Nasal Congestion From Frequent Use of Privine Hydrochloride

Rhinitis medicamentosa

“…Fox [4] first warned about possible adverse effects in 1931 but this was ignored and it was not until 1945, when Feinberg and Friedlaner [5] noted that their use 'commonly resulted in a rebound congestion of the mucosa' and Kully [3] described their secondary vasodilatory effects and called for a re-evaluation of the indications for usage, that the warnings were taken seriously. The term 'rhinitis medicamentosa' was coined by Lake [6] in 1946; in 1947 Ryan [6] presented the related histopathology.…”

Rhinitis Medicamentosa: Therapeutic Effect of Diode Laser Inferior Turbinate Reduction on Nasal Obstruction and Decongestant Abuse

“…R hinitis medicamentosa (RM) is defined as a condition of rebound nasal congestion induced by excessive or improper use of topical decongestants. 1,2 Feinberg and Friedlaender 3 first mentioned "rebound congestion" in 1944 after chronic usage of privine hydrochloride, and Lake 4 coined the term "rhinitis medicamentosa" in 1946. Incidence ranges from 1 to 7% with a peak in young and middle-aged adults and an equal sex ratio.…”

Preliminary studies on nasal decongestant activity from the seed of the shea butter tree, Butyrospermum parkii.

“…xylometazoline and naphazoline (Scholz, 1945), are generally unsatisfactory (Feinberg & Friedleander, 1945;Goodman & Gilman, 1975) excluded from the experiments so as not to delay appropriate treatment, and the study was thus confined primarily to symptomatic relief of nasal congestion. All the subjects had moderate to severe or complete nasal blockade.…”

“…Most of the clinically available nasal decongestants, applied as nasal drops, e.g. xylometazoline and naphazoline (Scholz, 1945), are generally unsatisfactory (Feinberg & Friedleander, 1945;Goodman & Gilman, 1975) because of problems such as rebound nasal congestion or occasional mucosal damage. For this reason, it was decided to investigate the effect of shea butter on the inflamed mucous membrane of the nose and compare with the effects of a typical conventional nasal drops, xylometazoline.…”