Nasal Dermoid Sinus Cysts: Association with Intracranial Extension and Multiple Malformations

Abstract

Nasal dermoid and sinus cysts (NDSC) are uncommon congenital anomalies that may have intracranial extension and can be associated with other anomalies. We identified 22 patients in a retrospective review of cases diagnosed with NDSC at our institution over the past 10 years. Nine (41 percent) had associated anomalies and ten (45 percent) had intracranial extension of the sinus. In half of the patients with intracranial extension, the sinus transversed either the cribriform plate or foramen cecum and attached to the dura; in the other half, the sinus extended to cysts within the falx or other brain structures. Of the patients with multiple anomalies, six (67 percent) had intracranial extension. Presurgical complications occurred in a total of eight patients (36 percent): two had meningitis, two had osteomyelitis, four had periorbital-nasal cellulitis, three had nasal abscess, and four had nose anomalies requiring rhinoplasty.

Congenital Lesions of Tip of Nose: Report of Two Cases with Review

“…Atresia of pinna, cleft lip and palate, hydrocephalus, and hypertelorism can be associated developmental anomalies with NDSC [13].…”

Nasofrontal Dermoid Fistula in a Child. Report of a Case

“…Other possible complications include osteomyelitis, periorbital nasal cellulite, malignant transformation, nasal abscess and CSF leaks [1 -3, 16] . Various associated anomalies have been reported such as hydrocephalus, hemifacial microsomia, mental retardation, frontonasal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, cleft lip and palate, pharyngeal arch sinus and hypertelorism [14,16] . However, radiological and clinical examination in our patient showed no other pathological fi ndings.…”

Midline Craniofacial Masses in Children

“…Associated congenital anomalies have been reported in up to 41% of cases and include hypertelorism, cleft lip and palate, hemifacial microsomia, aural atresia, hydrocephalus, branchial sinuses, albinism, cardiac, gastrointestinal, genital, and central nervous system anomalies. 3,[8][9][10] Although a specific inheritance pattern has not yet been identified, NDSCs tend to cluster within families, and an autosomal dominant inheritance has been proposed. [10][11][12][13] Nasal dermoid sinus cysts are present from birth; however, they may not require attention until inflammation or infection with subsequent drainage occurs.…”