Nasib Bahasa Jawa dan Bahasa Indonesia dalam Pandangan dan Sikap Bahasa Generasi Muda Jawa

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the fate of the Java language on the one hand and the Indonesian language on the other hand through the selection and defense of language (Indonesia and Java) by the younger generation. How young people choose language as a means of expression in the realm of house and the realm of friendship. (A) determining the location and population and sample, (b) questionnaire distribution to a number of respondents who were then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, (c) nonparticipant observation in the daily life of the younger generation, (d) structured interviews and depth using snowball method which then analyzed qualitatively. The population of this research is the entire younger generation of Javanese who live in Central Java. The target population of this study is the younger generation of the various regions who live in Solo, Boyolali, Pekalongan, and Tegal, while the sample was selected randomly. The result shows that (1) the younger generation of Java uses more BI (Bahasa Indonesia) than Javanese (BJ) both in the home and friendship, (2) the young generation of Java will use 100% BI when someday have a spouse, (3) the younger generation of Java has a negative attitude towards BJ, being ignorant of BI, and not proud of BI, (4) the younger generation is more familiar with the vocabulary such as downloads, stakeholders, gadgets, than in BI, and (5) estimated BJ (especially manners) in the next 2 or 3 generations will be abandoned by the younger generation of Java. Intisari Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap nasib bahasa bahasa Jawa di satu sisi dan bahasa Indonesia di sisi lain melalui pemilihan dan pemertahanan bahasa (Indonesia dan Jawa) oleh generasi muda. Bagiamana kaum muda memilih bahasa sebagai alat ekspresinya pada ranah rumah dan ranah persahabatan. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut dilakukan (a) menentukan lokasi dan populasi serta sampel, (b) penyebaran angket ke sejumlah responden yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif, (c) observasi nonpartisipan pada kehidupan sehari-hari generasi muda, (d) wawancara terstruktur dan mendalam dengan menggunakan metode snowball yang kemudian dianalaisis secara kualitatif. Populasi penelitin ini adalah seluruh generasi muda Jawa yang tingal di Jawa Tengah. Adapun populasi sasaran penelitian ini adalah generasi muda dari berbagai daerah yang tinggal di Solo, Boyolali, Pekalongan, dan Tegal, sedangkan sampel dipilih secara acak. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa (1) generasi muda Jawa lebih banyak mengunakan BI (Bahasa Indonesia) daripada bahasa Jawa (BJ) baik pada ranah rumah maupun persahabatan, (2) generasi muda Jawa akan menggunakan 100 % BI ketika kelak memiliki pasangan hidup, (3) generasi muda Jawa memiliki sikap negatif terhadap BJ, bersikap abai terhadap BI, dan tidak bangga terhadap BI, (4) generasi muda lebih familiar terhadap kosakata-kokata seperti download, stakeholder, gadget, daripada padan katanya dalam BI, dan (5) diperkirakan BJ (terutama ragam krama) pada 2 atau 3 generasi mendatang akan ditinggalkan oleh generasi muda Jawa.

Efforts to Maintain Javanese Language in the Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Surakarta Community, Central Java

“…In that case, Javanese is only a matter of waiting for the death knell in the "womb" of the Javanese people themselves as the "mother" of the Javanese language; (2) social, environmental activities, such as Family Welfare Education Program (PKK). It is a tradition in society in this region that the language used in PKK meetings is mostly Javanese; (3) Javanese language training, such as the Pambiyoworo training, which is held once a month with participants in their 40s on average; (4) celebration rituals and funeral processions; (5) non-formal education such as Early Childhood Education (PAUD), singing Javanese songs as often as possible using Javanese as the medium of instruction, ( 6) "Basa Tulodho", which is an example shown by the older generation through learning Javanese language (grammar and manners); (7) From the results of field observations, it was found that; (1) Indonesian has begun to be used in the home environment and even in the social environment, (2) Javanese, especially Javanese Krama, is no longer mastered by children (under five), (3) mixed languages (Indonesian and Javanese) are already often used among the younger and middle generations (aged 30 years).…”

“…This can be seen in social life, that the Javanese language has begun to get rid of by the Indonesian language. This is because the Javanese language is no longer used by children (toddlers) and the younger generation [7]. The social life of the Javanese community is also undergoing a shift (language) and a period of transition.…”

“…A situation that should not be left unchecked. According to [1], languages will become extinct if; (1) the influence of the majority language, (2) a bilingual/multilingual society, (3) the era of globalization, (4) population migration, (5) inter-ethnic marriages, (6) natural disasters, (7) lack of public respect for ethnic languages (regional languages), (8) lack of intensity in the use of regional languages as a means of communication in various domains, E3S Web of Conferences 317, 02030 (2021) ICENIS 2021 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /202131702030 and (9) economic factors. In addition, there will be fewer local language speakers if; (a) the number of mass media / electronic media that use regional languages is very limited or even non-existent, (b) the development of social media, and (c) government policies towards the existence of regional languages.…”

“…The conditions and linguistic situations mentioned above also seem to occur in Javanesespeaking people, especially Surakarta. The Javanese language has begun to be abandoned by its speakers, especially by the younger generation [7]. From the observations that have been made, the children (toddlers) have not mastered Javanese, let alone Javanese Krama.…”

Analisis Kontrastif Bahasa Jawa Ngoko Madiunan Dan Bahasa Indonesia

“…Adanya budaya daerah menghasilkan bahasa daerah yang beragam, sehingga menyebabkan masyarakat menjadi penutur dwibahasa yang dapat berbicara dalam dua bahasa yaitu bahasa daerah sebagai bahasa ibu dan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional. Dengan fakta tersebut, maka tak heran masyarakat Indonesia mampu menjadi penutur dua bahasa yakni bahasa ibu yang merupakan bahasa daerah serta bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional (Suharyo, 2018). Hal ini pula terjadi di daerah Madiun.…”