Natural Adhesives, Binders and Matrices for Wood and Fiber Composites: Chemistry and Technology

Pizzi, A.

doi:10.1002/9781118773727.ch10

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Several auxiliary chemicals are also added to plasticize adhesive polymers, enhance tackiness, improve heat resistance, or lower costs [1,3,4]. Due to the waning of petrochemical supplies but also due to the public awareness related to the environment and its protection, as well as governmental regulations, the use of bio-based adhesives in wood and fiber composites has attracted scientific and economic interest for the last several decades [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignosulfonate-Based Polyurethane Adhesives

et al. 2021

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The feasibility of using lignosulfonate (LS) from acid sulphite pulping of eucalyptus wood as an unmodified polyol in the formulation of polyurethane (PU) adhesives was evaluated. Purified LS was dissolved in water to simulate its concentration in sulphite spent liquor and then reacted with 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) in the presence or absence of poly(ethylene glycol) with Mw 200 (PEG200) as soft crosslinking segment. The ensuing LS-based PU adhesives were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis techniques. The adhesion strength of new adhesives was assessed using Automated Bonding Evaluation System (ABES) employing wood strips as a testing material. The results showed that the addition of PEG200 contributed positively both to the homogenization of the reaction mixture and better crosslinking of the polymeric network, as well as to the interface interactions and adhesive strength. The latter was comparable to the adhesive strength recorded for a commercial white glue with shear stress values of almost 3 MPa. The optimized LS-based PU adhesive formulation was examined for the curing kinetics following the Kissinger and the Ozawa methods by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry, which revealed the curing activation energy of about 70 kJ·mol−1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignosulfonate-Based Polyurethane Adhesives

et al. 2021

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“…Biobased products are made from natural raw materials, which do not come from mineral or fossil sources. Specifically, the term "biobased adhesive" is now used in a clearly defined and narrow meaning, involving materials exclusively from a natural, non-mineral source that can be used and modified to obtain the best properties required to substitute synthetic adhesives [49]. However, even if some adhesives are biobased, attention must be paid to their manufacture and use, which could lead to significant energy input and emission of organic pollutants [50].…”

Section: Current Biobased Wood Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on the Development of Protein-Based Adhesives for Wood Composite Materials—A Review

et al. 2021

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The industrial market depends intensely on wood-based composites for buildings, furniture, and construction, involving significant developments in wood glues since 80% of wood-based products use adhesives. Although biobased glues have been used for many years, notably proteins, they were replaced by synthetic ones at the beginning of the 20th century, mainly due to their better moisture resistance. Currently, most wood adhesives are based on petroleum-derived products, especially formaldehyde resins commonly used in the particleboard industry due to their high adhesive performance. However, formaldehyde has been subjected to strong regulation, and projections aim for further restrictions within wood-based panels from the European market, due to its harmful emissions. From this perspective, concerns about environmental footprint and the toxicity of these formulations have prompted researchers to re-investigate the utilization of biobased materials to formulate safer alternatives. In this regard, proteins have sparked a new and growing interest in the potential development of industrial adhesives for wood due to their advantages, such as lower toxicity, renewable sourcing, and reduced environmental footprint. This work presents the recent developments in the use of proteins to formulate new wood adhesives. Herein, it includes the historical development of wood adhesives, adhesion mechanism, and the current hotspots and recent progress of potential proteinaceous feedstock resources for adhesive preparation.

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“…3 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Florestal (UAEF), Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba state 58708-110, Brazil. 4 Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas E Florestais (DCAF), Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte state 59625-900, Brazil. 5 Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state 96010-610, Brazil.…”

Section: Abbreviationsunclassified

“…Vegetable tannins (natural polyphenolic compounds) also stand out for their high market values (0.7-1.5 € kg −1 ) [2]. Among these resources, condensed tannins are responsible for the largest global production (about 90%) with about 200 thousand tons per year [3,4]. For this reason, numerous forest species have been used as matrices for extracting tannins, including Acacia mearnsii, Acer sp., Quercus sp., Pinus spp., and Schinopsis spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tannin-based extracts of Mimosa tenuiflora bark: features and prospecting as wood adhesives

et al. 2021

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Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. (MT) is an underutilized plant specie since its wood is mostly used for energy production. Nonetheless, the bark from this forest plant has a high amount of tannins and other valuable compounds. Tannins have high worldwide importance and, because of that, there is an increasing number of researches on biorefinery systems aiming at maximizing their exploitation. The present study evaluated tannins extracted from the MT bark and their use for producing wood adhesives. Three types of powdered tannins were extracted using different solvents: a pure aqueous solution, a 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution, and a 5% sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) aqueous solution. Distilled water, wheat flour, and formaldehyde were also used as a solvent, a glue extender, and a catalyst, respectively. These adhesives were applied for bonding pine wood joints and their shear strengths were determined. All the MT-based adhesives showed high viscosities and, yielded glue lines with similar shear strengths and similar shear deformations if compared to each other. That tannin-based glue incorporated with the tannin extracted using NaOH or NaHSO3 stood out and yielded similar bonding performances if compared to a commercial adhesive applied as a positive control.

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Natural Adhesives, Binders and Matrices for Wood and Fiber Composites: Chemistry and Technology

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Lignosulfonate-Based Polyurethane Adhesives

Lignosulfonate-Based Polyurethane Adhesives

Recent Advances on the Development of Protein-Based Adhesives for Wood Composite Materials—A Review

Tannin-based extracts of Mimosa tenuiflora bark: features and prospecting as wood adhesives

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