Natural and synthetic polymeric antimicrobials with quaternary ammonium moieties: a review

Grigoras, Anca Giorgiana

doi:10.1007/s10311-021-01215-w

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Among, quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are the main representative of organic antimicrobial agents due to the high sterilization efficiency and wide source. 12,13 However, there are some disadvantages after long-term use of QACs, which have been detected in industrial wastewater, 14 surface water, 15 soil. 16 QACs are difficult to degrade in the environment, which can cause severe toxicity to bacteria, protozoa and shrimp at environmental concentrations; what is more serious is that the massive use of QACs will promote the growth of drug-resistant bacteria, aggravate the problem of bacterial resistance, and seriously threaten human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of alkyl chain length of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric alkyl ester on antibacterial activity and its antibacterial mechanism

et al. 2022

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This work describes the relationship between the antibacterial activity and the ester chain length (C1-C8) of ( R)-3-Hydroxybutyric (( R)-3-HB) alkyl esters that synthesized from ( R)-3-HB acid (( R)-3-HBA) by esterification reaction. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) decrease as the length of the ( R)-3-HB alkyl ester chain increases from 1 to 6, but ( R)-3-HB-C7 and ( R)-3-HB-C8 have their own rules for different microorganisms. Among them, the ( R)-3HB-C6 has the relatively best antibacterial and antifungal properties, which MIC were 1.95 mg mL−1 against E. coli and S. aureus; 0.98 mg mL−1 against C. albicans and B. subtilis; 0.49 mg mL−1 against A. niger. Finally, the antimicrobial mechanisms of the ( R)-3HB-C6 are revealed, and these include disruption of biofilm and the bacterial wall/membrane, leakage of the intracellular content, and change in the transmembrane potential. These results imply the potential application of ( R)-3-HB alkyl ester as new antimicrobial agents; future research can use this as an antibacterial element to synthesize new polymer materials or agents with high-efficiency antibacterial activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of alkyl chain length of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric alkyl ester on antibacterial activity and its antibacterial mechanism

et al. 2022

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“…However, for the needs of practical applications, it is necessary to conduct molecular dynamics simulation studies on the interaction between QACs and model molecules. [ 129 ] We believe that in‐depth research in this field will open up new possibilities for using the antifungal and antiviral properties of QACs‐based antibacterial superhydrophobic coatings.…”

Section: Qacs‐based Antibacterial Superhydrophobic Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Antibacterial Superhydrophobic Coatings

Zhan

Amirfazli

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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Microorganisms have existed for hundreds of millions of years and they have adapted to colonize on surfaces. [1] Bacteria are ubiquitous in the human living environment. Most bacteria spread through medical equipments and contacting with each other. [2] All over the world, the diseases caused by bacterial infections have brought terrible catastrophe to human beings. [3][4][5][6][7] Generally, people infected with infectious diseases are directly or indirectly related to contact with pathogenic microorganisms. The main stages of the attachment of bacteria at the interface include the migration of bacteria to the surface, the reversible and irreversible interactions between bacteria and the interface, the specific adsorption of bacteria on the substrate, and the proliferation of bacteria, thus forming a bacterial biofilm on the surface (Figure 1). [8] The bacteria can multiply quickly under suitable conditions, which induce various diseases and cause invalidation of apparatus. The colonization of bacteria on surfaces can result in chronic infections, [9] the failure of medical implants, [10] the biological corrosion of industrial equipments, [11] reducing various surface properties, such as petroleum and other pipelines systems, clothes, and other harmful phenomena. [12] Currently, antibiotics are mainly used to inhibit or kill bacteria to maintain surface hygiene and prevent infections. However, as bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, it is suggested that antibiotics should be much more cautiously used. It is estimated that antimicrobial resistance infections will kill as many as 10 million people every year by 2050. [13] Antimicrobial resistance is now an urgent international issue that requires imperative solutions, more effective antibacterial techniques are needed to fight bacterial infections. Inspired by the superwetting properties of plants and marine life, Li et al. [14] reviewed the research progresses of the preparation of superwetting materials including of superhydrophobic/superoleophilic and superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic materials and their applications for removal of organic pollutants, which provided a basis for the design of a new type of superwetting materials that efficiently remove organic pollutants in the water. Similarly, Tian et al. [15] developed a superwetting thin-film nanofibrous composite membrane with antifouling, self-cleaning, and oil-in-water emulsions separation properties. The as-prepared carbon nanotubes (CNTs) layer with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties could absorb water as a selective layer to remove oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsions to present antifouling. The self-cleaning properties were promised by the continuously up-flowed permeate water. They claimed that the work provided a new insight for developing oil/water separation membranes which suffer from fouling and clogging. Also, Li et al. [16] summarized the recent progresses in smart polymeric materials for fabricating switchable superwettability surfaces and their oi...

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“…To improve the antimicrobial efficacy several agents, such as small compounds, peptides, and enzymes, can be introduced into polymer molecules [ 159 ]. Probably, polymers of QACs represent the class that has received more attention over the years [ 160 , 161 ].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to Basics: Choosing the Appropriate Surface Disinfectant

Artasensi

Fumagalli

2021

Antibiotics

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From viruses to bacteria, our lives are filled with exposure to germs. In built environments, exposure to infectious microorganisms and their byproducts is clearly linked to human health. In the last year, public health emergency surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic stressed the importance of having good biosafety measures and practices. To prevent infection from spreading and to maintain the barrier, disinfection and hygiene habits are crucial, especially when the microorganism can persist and survive on surfaces. Contaminated surfaces are called fomites and on them, microorganisms can survive even for months. As a consequence, fomites serve as a second reservoir and transfer pathogens between hosts. The knowledge of microorganisms, type of surface, and antimicrobial agent is fundamental to develop the best approach to sanitize fomites and to obtain good disinfection levels. Hence, this review has the purpose to briefly describe the organisms, the kind of risk associated with them, and the main classes of antimicrobials for surfaces, to help choose the right approach to prevent exposure to pathogens.

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Natural and synthetic polymeric antimicrobials with quaternary ammonium moieties: a review

Cited by 47 publications

References 62 publications

The effect of alkyl chain length of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric alkyl ester on antibacterial activity and its antibacterial mechanism

The effect of alkyl chain length of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric alkyl ester on antibacterial activity and its antibacterial mechanism

Recent Advances in Antibacterial Superhydrophobic Coatings

Back to Basics: Choosing the Appropriate Surface Disinfectant

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