Natural Gas as a Key Alternative Energy Source in Sustainable Renewable Energy Transition: A Mini Review

Mohammad, Norsyahida; Ishak, Waznatol Widad Mohamad; Mustapa, Siti Indati; Ayodele, Bamidele Victor

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2021.625023

Cited by 56 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The main products of hydrolysis are acetate and hydrogen which are used in later stages of anaerobic digestions by the action of methanogens. Most hydrolysis products are still large molecules that need further breaking down to create methane through the acidogenesis process [1,50].…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestion Process (I) Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogas Production and Applications in the Sustainable Energy Transition

2022

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Biogas is competitive, viable, and generally a sustainable energy resource due to abundant supply of cheap feedstocks and availability of a wide range of biogas applications in heating, power generation, fuel, and raw materials for further processing and production of sustainable chemicals including hydrogen, and carbon dioxide and biofuels. The capacity of biogas based power has been growing rapidly for the past decade with global biogas based electricity generation capacity increasing from 65 GW in 2010 to 120 GW in 2019 representing a 90% growth. This study presents the pathways for use of biogas in the energy transition by application in power generation and production of fuels. Diesel engines, petrol or gasoline engines, turbines, microturbines, and Stirling engines offer feasible options for biogas to electricity production as prme movers. Biogas fuel can be used in both spark ignition (petrol) and compression ignition engines (diesel) with varying degrees of modifications on conventional internal combustion engines. In internal combustion engines, the dual-fuel mode can be used with little or no modification compared to full engine conversion to gas engines which may require major modifications. Biogas can also be used in fuel cells for direct conversion to electricity and raw material for hydrogen and transport fuel production which is a significant pathway to sustainable energy development. Enriched biogas or biomethane can be containerized or injected to gas supply mains for use as renewable natural gas. Biogas can be used directly for cooking and lighting as well as for power generation and for production of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels. Upgraded biogas/biomethane which can also be used to process methanol fuel. Compressed biogas (CBG) and liquid biogas (LBG) can be reversibly made from biomethane for various direct and indirect applications as fuels for transport and power generation. Biogas can be used in processes like combined heat and power generation from biogas (CHP), trigeneration, and compression to Bio-CNG and bio-LPG for cleaned biogas/biomethane. Fuels are manufactured from biogas by cleaning, and purification before reforming to syngas, and partial oxidation to produce methanol which can be used to make gasoline. Syngas is used in production of alcohols, jet fuels, diesel, and gasoline through the Fischer-Tropsch process.

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Section: Anaerobic Digestion Process (I) Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy is a fundamental requirement for man's comfort and basic needs of everyday life. A vast majority of countries especially developing countries have energy crises with over reliance on fossil fuels [1,2]. The national energy drivers of all countries globally are energy security, environmental protection, and economic growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production and Applications in the Sustainable Energy Transition

2022

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“…Natural gas has the potential to be a key resource in Australia's transition towards a lowcarbon economy and is bridging the gap between coal and renewable energy (Gürsan and de Gooyert 2021;Mohammad et al 2021). The Northern Territory (NT) Government's gas strategy is to be a world-class gas producer, manufacturer and services hub by 2030 (NT Government 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum supersystems in the greater McArthur Basin, Northern Territory, Australia: prospectivity of the world’s oldest stacked systems with emphasis on the McArthur Supersystem

et al. 2022

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This study assesses the prospectivity of the world’s oldest known stacked petroleum systems from the Proterozoic greater McArthur Basin (Northern Territory, Australia), which has immense potential to host both conventional natural gas and oil, in addition to shale-gas accumulations. The Mesoproterozoic succession of the Beetaloo Sub-basin and surrounding region hosts the Territory’s premier shale-gas play and is at an advanced stage of exploration for shale hydrocarbon plays. However, there is also potential for natural gas in older sedimentary packages, with flows and shows reported in underlying Paleoproterozoic successions. At the continent-scale, four regional petroleum supersystems are identified and described in order to provide a platform for consistent nomenclature at the sedimentary package and group level; in ascending stratigraphic order; these are the Paleoproterozoic Redbank and McArthur supersystems, the Paleoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic Lawn Supersystem, and the Mesoproterozoic Beetaloo Supersystem. The Redbank and Lawn supersystems are newly named and defined, and the Beetaloo Supersystem is renamed from the former Urapungan Supersystem. Eight possible conventional natural gas plays and six shale-gas plays are documented within the McArthur Supersystem, which incorporates Glyde Package successions of the McArthur Basin and the Birrindudu Basin. Petroleum play concepts are also described from this supersystem to assist with assessing the potential for gas resources. A better understanding of the petroleum systems of the greater McArthur Basin is critical to the targeting of areas for geoscience data acquisition in order to facilitate the reduction of exploration search space; and it enables a more rigorous assessment of the potential for conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources at local (play) and regional scales.

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“…Natural gas is one of the best sources to reduce the carbon emissions and transition towards green building concept (Abánades, 2018;Mohammad et al, 2021). Centralized production facilities mainly provide space heating in buildings through a heat transfer network called district heating (DH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipe Insulation Evaluation for Low-Temperature District Heating Implementation in South Korea

Usman

Kim

2022

Front. Energy Res.

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Future energy systems will comprise 100% renewable energy and involve high integration of energy systems. District heating (DH) and cooling systems will be an undeniable part of future energy systems, as they facilitate high-efficiency, low-cost, and clean production. Low-temperature district heating (LTDH) is one of the candidates for future district heating systems, where the supply temperature is 60°C or below. Reducing heat losses from the pipe network in DH systems is challenging. Improving the insulation standards in DH pipes can decrease heat and temperature losses in the pipe networks. This study employs computational fluid dynamics to evaluate the optimum insulation thickness based on the material and digging costs in South Korea. A micro hybrid DH system with natural gas run fuel cell, heat pump and solar thermal is proposed in this study. An evaluation of the system with a 500 m pipe network system supplying hot water at 60°C with polyethylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, and polyurethane as insulation materials using ANSYS Fluent 17.2 shows that the heat losses are minimal when using PU foams. A cost estimation analysis showed that 32 mm was the optimum insulation thickness for achieving heat losses below 20 W/m and minimum material and digging costs when burring the pipeline network in the ground.

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Natural Gas as a Key Alternative Energy Source in Sustainable Renewable Energy Transition: A Mini Review

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Biogas Production and Applications in the Sustainable Energy Transition

Biogas Production and Applications in the Sustainable Energy Transition

Petroleum supersystems in the greater McArthur Basin, Northern Territory, Australia: prospectivity of the world’s oldest stacked systems with emphasis on the McArthur Supersystem

Pipe Insulation Evaluation for Low-Temperature District Heating Implementation in South Korea

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