Natural history of Mycobacterium fortuitum pulmonary infection presenting with migratory infiltrates: a case report with microbiological analysis

Okamori, Satoshi; Asakura, Takanori; Nishimura, Tomoyasu; Tamizu, Eiko; Ishii, Makoto; Yoshida, Mitsunori; Fukano, Hanako; Hayashi, Yuichiro; Fujita, Masaki; Hoshino, Yoshihiko; Betsuyaku, Tomoko; Hasegawa, Naoki

doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2892-9

Cited by 221 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This organism is a rapidly growing mycobacteria initially isolated and characterized in 1938 from a stomach lavage specimen. 42 These findings are in accordance with another report from various parts of the world, which showed the M. fortuitum is one of the most common actinomycetes species isolated from clinical samples. 35 In the current study, M. fortuitum was isolated from lung secretion, abscess, and wound of cancerous patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

Azadi¹,

Motallebirad²,

Ghaffari³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Actinomycetes widely exist in nature and these species cause infections in immunocompromised and healthy patients, although they are frequently found as members of the normal microbiota of humans and animals. These subsequent infections are often misdiagnosed as malignancy and tuberculosis. Due to this issue, the present study aimed to determine the presence and diversity of actinomycetes species causing infections in Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 79 clinical samples collected from five hospitals in Markazi province were analyzed for the existence of actinomycetes using standard protocols for isolation and characterization of the isolates. The conventional tests were used for preliminary identification, the PCR amplification of hsp65 gene, the specific region of the 16S rRNA, and sequence analyses of 16S rRNA were applied for the genus and species identification. MICs of the antimicrobial agent were determined by the broth microdilution method and interpreted according to the NCCLS guidelines. Results: A total of 17 (21.51%) actinomycetes isolates were recovered from clinical samples. In other analyzed samples, eight (10.12%) gram-positive, 12 (15.18) gramnegative bacteria, and six (7.6) fungi isolates were recovered. The most prevalent actinomycetes species were M. fortuitum (17.64%), N. Mexicana and S. heliomycini (11.76% each), and 10 species, ie, N. farcinica, M. lehmannii, M. flavescens, Arthrobacter crystalopoetis, N. neocaledoniensis, M. phocaicum, M. abscessus, M. arupense, M. setense, and N. cyriacigeorgica made up the single isolates. Results of DST illustrated that all of the isolates were susceptible to Amikacin, Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin, whereas all of them were resistant to Rifampicin and Doxycycline. Conclusion: In conclusion, increasing isolation of actinomycetes found in various clinical cases merits special attention by health authorities in developing countries. In health centers, action should be taken to increase awareness of appropriate diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for actinomycetes diseases. Furthermore, an increase in the number as well as the quality of national and regional reference laboratories may facilitate more accurate diagnosis of actinomycetes diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

Azadi¹,

Motallebirad²,

Ghaffari³

et al. 2020

IDR

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“…The type, amount, frequency and duration of oil use documented in the selected studies varied widely; and may partly explain the heterogeneous clinical-radiological pattern of paediatric ELP that makes it indistinguishable from other causes of persistent pneumonia or diffuse lung disease in children. NTM disease in patients with ELP is an important comorbidity that is postulated to be favored by the lipophilic environment, and is a finding that is consistent with previous experimental studies [48] and literature in adults [49,50]. Supportive management particularly antibiotic treatment was the most common treatment offered to children with ELP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia in children: A systematic review

Marangu

Gray

Vanker

et al. 2020

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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Educational aimsTo recognize that exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) in children resulting from cultural and medical practices is a rare albeit preventable interstitial lung disease. To review the clinical-radiological patterns of paediatric ELP which vary widely making this diagnosis indistinguishable from other causes of persistent pneumonia. To describe the association of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections and paediatric ELP resulting in significant comorbidity. To rank studies on ELP in children in the existing literature based on diagnostic certainty and propose standardized case definitions and consistent reporting of treatment outcomes and efficacy. a b s t r a c tObjectives: To describe the clinical-radiological-pathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of children with suspected exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP). Design: Systematic review. We searched electronic databases and reference lists published between 1967 and 2018, restricted to non-accidental cases. Results: Forty-four studies including 489 participants aged 1 day to 17 years from 13 countries were included. Cultural, medical, and behavioural rationale for oil-use was described. The clinicalradiological presentation varied widely. Diagnostic certainty was deemed highest if ELP was confirmed on bronchoalveolar lavage/frozen section lung biopsy with documented extracellular lipid on cytological staining and/or fat analysis. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection was identified in six studies: Mycobacterium fortuitum/chelonei, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium abscessus. Treatment comprised supportive therapy, corticosteroids, stopping oil, therapeutic lung-lavage and surgical resection. Outcomes were reported inconsistently. Conclusion: Paediatric ELP resulting from cultural and medical practices continues to be described globally. Preventive interventions, standardized reporting, and treatment efficacy studies for cases not averted, are lacking.Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42017068313.

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“…In this regard, a study conducted in Taipei concluded that the risk of TB recurrence among persons smoking >10 cigarettes/day was twice that of nonsmokers and exsmokers [46]. Another study performed in the United Kingdom found that smoking was a predictive factor for TB recurrence [47]. In Yemen, patients smoking > 20 cigarrettes/day had a higher risk of TB recurrence than those smoking <20 cigarrettes/day [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis recurrences and predictive factors in a vulnerable population in Catalonia

Brugueras

Molina²,

Casas³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Background Patients with a history of tuberculosis (TB) have a high probability of recurrence because long-term cure is not always maintained in successfully treated patients. The aim of this study was to identify the probability of TB recurrence and its predictive factors in a cohort of socially vulnerable patients who completed treatment in the TB referral center in Catalonia, which acts as the center for patients with social and health problems. Methods This retrospective open cohort study included all patients diagnosed with TB who were admitted and successfully treated in Serveis Clínics between 2000 and 2016 and who remained disease-free for a minimum of 1 year after treatment completion. We calculated the incidence density of TB recurrences per person-years of follow-up. We also estimated the cumulative incidence of TB recurrence at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years of follow-up. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox regression. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results There were 839 patients and 24 recurrences (2.9%), representing 0.49 per 100 personyears. The probability of a recurrence was 0.63% at 1 year of follow-up, 1.35% at 2 years, and 3.69% at 5 years. The multivariate analysis showed that the predictive factors of recurrence were age older than 34 years (aHR = 3.90; CI = 1.06-14.34 at age 35-45 years and aHR = 3.88; CI = 1.02-14.80 at age >45 years) and resistance to at least one anti-TB drug (aHR = 2.91; CI = 1.11-7.65).

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Natural history of Mycobacterium fortuitum pulmonary infection presenting with migratory infiltrates: a case report with microbiological analysis

Cited by 221 publications

References 25 publications

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia in children: A systematic review

Tuberculosis recurrences and predictive factors in a vulnerable population in Catalonia

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