Natural Nrf2 Modulators for Skin Protection

Boo, Yong Chool

doi:10.3390/antiox9090812

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…The activity of NRF2 transcription factor was determined by its phosphorylation [p-NRF2(Ser40)] and by the localization of the protein in the cell ( Boo, 2020 ). Figure 4A shows FACS data illustrating p-NRF2(Ser40) changes in MSCs (10 cGy) after 15 min and 2 h. In control MSCs, we observed a high level of NRF2 phosphorylation in 20% of the cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation

Konkova

Abramova

Кальянов

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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IntroductionMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are applied as the therapeutic agents, e.g., in the tumor radiation therapy.Purpose of the StudyTo evaluate the human adipose MSC early response to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR).Materials and MethodsWe investigated different LDIR (3, 10, and 50 cGy) effects on reactive oxygen species production, DNA oxidation (marker 8-oxodG), and DNA breaks (marker ɣ H2AX) in the two lines of human adipose MSC. Using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and fluorescence microscopy, we determined expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress development (NOX4), antioxidative response (NRF2), antiapoptotic and proapoptotic response (BCL2, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BIRC2, BIRC3, and BAX1), in the development of the nuclear DNA damage response (DDR) (BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and P53). Cell cycle changes were investigated by genes transcription changes (CCND1, CDKN2A, and CDKN1A) and using proliferation markers KI-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).ResultsFifteen to 120 min after exposure to LDIR in MSCs, transient oxidative stress and apoptosis of the most damaged cells against the background of the cell cycle arrest were induced. Simultaneously, DDR and an antiapoptotic response were found in other cells of the population. The 10-cGy dose causes the strongest and fastest DDR following cell nuclei DNA damage. The 3-cGy dose induces a less noticeable and prolonged response. The maximal low range dose, 50 cGy, causes a damaging effect on the MSCs.ConclusionTransient oxidative stress and the death of a small fraction of the damaged cells are essential components of the MSC population response to LDIR along with the development of DDR and antiapoptotic response. A scheme describing the early MSC response to LDIR is proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation

Konkova

Abramova

Кальянов

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Many natural products and small molecules have been characterized as NRF2 activators and exert their cytoprotective properties (neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, skin protective, and chemoprotective properties, etc.) through regulating the NRF2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and α-Pinene

et al. 2021

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The antioxidant, cytoprotective, and wound-healing potential of the essential oil from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia (mastic oil) was evaluated, along with that of its major components, myrcene and α-pinene. Antioxidant potential was monitored as: (i) direct antioxidant activity as assessed by 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and ABTS assays; (ii) DNA damage protection activity; and (iii) cytoprotective activity as assessed via induction of transcription of genes related to the antioxidant response in human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT). The cytoprotective potential of the test substances was further evaluated against ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)- or H2O2-induced oxidative damage, whereas their regenerative capability was accessed by monitoring the wound closure rate in HaCaT. Μastic oil and major components did not show significant direct antioxidant activity, however they increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant response genes, suggesting indirect antioxidant activity. Treatment of HaCaT with the test substances before and after UVB irradiation resulted in increased cell viability in the cases of pre-treatment with mastic oil or post-treatment with myrcene. Increased cytoprotection was also observed in the case of cell treatment with mastic oil or its major components prior to H2O2 exposure. Finally, mastic oil and myrcene demonstrated a favorable dose-dependent effect for cell migration and wound closure. Collectively, mastic essential oil may exert its promising cytoprotective properties through indirect antioxidant mechanisms.

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“…UV-induced ROS generation is a major mechanism through which UV causes detrimental effects on skin [ 32 ] and, thus, activation of ARE/Nrf2 is one of the basic mechanisms to balance UV-induced skin damage, as was shown in a 3D skin model injected with Nrf2 over-expressing skin-derived precursor cells [ 33 ]. The inhibition of NFκB and activation of ARE/Nrf2 by various carotenoids and polyphenols was previously shown in several publications [ 22 , 26 , 34 , 35 ]. However, in most cases, the concentrations required for these effects were higher than those that can be achieved in human blood and tissues [ 30 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Combined Effects of Carotenoids and Polyphenols in Balancing the Response of Skin Cells to UV Irradiation

et al. 2021

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Oral carotenoids and polyphenols have been suggested to induce photo-protective effects. The aim of the study was to test whether the combination of carotenoids and polyphenols produce greater protective effects from UV-induced damage to skin cells. Such damage is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress; thus, the photo-protective effect can be partially explained by modulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and antioxidant response element/Nrf2 (ARE/Nrf2) transcription systems, known as important regulators of these two processes. Indeed, it was found in keratinocytes that carotenoids and polyphenols inhibit UVB-induced NFκB activity and release of cytokine IL-6. A combination of tomato extract with rosemary extract inhibited UVB-induced release of IL-6 more than each of the compounds alone. Moreover, this combination synergistically activated ARE/Nrf2 transcription systems. Inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNFα induce the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which leads to collagen breakdown; thus, it is important to note that carnosic acid reduced TNFα-induced MMP-1 secretion from human dermal fibroblasts. The in vitro results suggest beneficial effects of phytonutrient combinations on skin health. To assure that clinical experiments to prove such effects in humans are feasible, the human bioavailability of carotenoids from tomato extract was tested, and nearly a twofold increase in their plasma concentrations was detected. This study demonstrates that carotenoids and polyphenols cooperate in balancing UV-induced skin cell damage, and suggests that NFκB and ARE/Nrf2 are involved in these effects.

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Natural Nrf2 Modulators for Skin Protection

Cited by 55 publications

References 164 publications

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and α-Pinene

Combined Effects of Carotenoids and Polyphenols in Balancing the Response of Skin Cells to UV Irradiation

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