Natural Products

Sharma, Satyavan; Anand, Nitya

doi:10.1016/s0165-7208(97)80025-6

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…The dominant type of alkaloid found in betel nut which is likely to have an anthelmintic effect is arecoline [10]. Arecoline is toxic to several types of worms and causes temporary paralysis [11]. According to Nonaka et al [12] areca nut seeds contain proanthocyanidin, which is a condensed tannin included in the flavonoid class.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ethanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Betel Nut (Areca catechu L.) in Colonic Goblet Cells of Mice (Mus musculus) Given Orally Infective Egg of Trichuris muris

Anto

Lelo

Ilyas

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Trichuris trichiura is a soil-transmitted parasitic worm commonly found in humid, tropical to subtropical areas, as well as poor sanitation area. These worms are cosmopolitan, especially in tropical and humid countries like Indonesia. This worm infection is more common in developing countries and more in children than adults due to poorer child self-hygiene. Worm disease is one of the common society diseases with 60% of children in Indonesia which are estimated to be affected. One species of T. trichiura worm that is often used in research on experimental animals is Trichuris muris. The administration of T. muris infective eggs can significantly increase the number of goblet cells in intestinal crypts of colon and cecum. Goblet cell hyperplasia will occur after exposure to high-dose T. muris (acute/200 infective eggs) in resistant mice. Various studies on the development of natural and traditional materials have been developing in the past few years to see the effects of betel nut on the number of goblet cells in the large intestine. AIM: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of betel nut on the change in the number of goblet cells in male mice given orally T. muris infective eggs. METHODS: This study was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design in male mice (Mus musculus) which were given 200 infective eggs of T. muris. The study sample consisted of 70 mice divided into seven groups. Doses of the ethanol extract of betel nut are 100 mg/kg b.w. and 150 mg/kg b.w., and doses of ethyl acetate fraction are 100 mg/kg b.w. and 150 mg/kg b.w. The independent variable was ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of betel nut. The dependent variable is the number of goblet cells. Mean differences in groups were tested by Mann–Whitney. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed a significant difference of p < 0.05 in the colonic crypts and cecum. In Group K (+), there was no increase in the number of goblet cells (54.2000 ± 30.54864) compared to Group K (−) (79.0750 ± 11.79221) in the colon. There was an increase in goblet cells in the 150 mg/kg b.w. of ethanol extract group (64.1000 ± 29.50381), the 150 mg/kg b.w. of ethyl acetate fraction group (56.2250 ± 22.11035), and the 1 mg/20 g of albendazole group (68.3750 ± 11.30956) in the colon. Likewise, there was an increase in the number of goblet cells in the cecum. It can be concluded that 150 mg/kg b.w. of the ethanol extract of betel nut can effectively increase the number of goblet cells in the colon and cecum. CONCLUSION: Ethanol extract of betel nut 150 mg / kg of weight can effectively increase the number of goblet cells in the colon and caecum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ethanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Betel Nut (Areca catechu L.) in Colonic Goblet Cells of Mice (Mus musculus) Given Orally Infective Egg of Trichuris muris

Anto

Lelo

Ilyas

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Santonin (C 15 H 18 O 3) ( 2 ) ( Figure 1 ) is an eudesmanolide sesquiterpene lactone first isolated from A. santonicum by Kahler in 1830 [ 248 ], but it is much less known than artemisinin ( 1 ). Santonin exists in two isomeric forms, α-santonin and β-santonin [ 249 ], with α-santonin being the most studied form due to its higher stability [ 250 ].…”

Section: Some Sesquiterpene Lactones Constituents Of Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Advances on Health Effects of Edible Artemisia Species and Some Sesquiterpene Lactones Constituents

Трендафилова

Moujir

Sousa

et al. 2020

Foods

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The genus Artemisia, often known collectively as “wormwood”, has aroused great interest in the scientific community, pharmaceutical and food industries, generating many studies on the most varied aspects of these plants. In this review, the most recent evidence on health effects of edible Artemisia species and some of its constituents are presented and discussed, based on studies published until 2020, available in the Scopus, Web of Sciences and PubMed databases, related to food applications, nutritional and sesquiterpene lactones composition, and their therapeutic effects supported by in vivo and clinical studies. The analysis of more than 300 selected articles highlights the beneficial effect on health and the high clinical relevance of several Artemisia species besides some sesquiterpene lactones constituents and their derivatives. From an integrated perspective, as it includes therapeutic and nutritional properties, without ignoring some adverse effects described in the literature, this review shows the great potential of Artemisia plants and some of their constituents as dietary supplements, functional foods and as the source of new, more efficient, and safe medicines. Despite all the benefits demonstrated, some gaps need to be filled, mainly related to the use of raw Artemisia extracts, such as its standardization and clinical trials on adverse effects and its health care efficacy.

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“…soflavonoids constitute a diverse family of natural products that are primarily synthesized by leguminous plants 1 . In addition to playing significant ecological functions 2 , isoflavonoids exhibit various human health-promoting properties, such as antioxidant activity, cardioprotective activity, osteoporosis reduction, and cancer prevention, all of which have resulted in studies on exploiting these molecules as agents both in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry 3,4 . The current production of isoflavonoids relies on direct plant extraction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The isoflavones genistein (GEIN) and daidzein (DEIN) constitute two basic scaffolds from which over thousands of isoflavonoids are derived as a result of diverse structural modifications, including hydroxylation, methylation, glycosylation, and molecular rearrangements [2][3][4] . Reconstruction of the isoflavone pathway for biosynthesis of these molecules, therefore, represents the entry point to microbial production of a large variety of different biologically active isoflavonoids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, heterologous biosynthesis of GEIN and DEIN was demonstrated by introducing plant enzymes alongside feeding precursors, such as L-tyrosine, naringenin, or liquiritigenin, in both E. coli and S. cerevisiae [16][17][18][19][20][21] . Moreover, the expression of specific glucosyltransferase in E. coli also enabled the bioconversion of GEIN and DEIN to corresponding glucosides genistin (GIN) and daidzin (DIN) 22,23 , the primary form of stored isoflavones in leguminous plants 3 . While the reported low titers necessitate further improvement to support industrial-scale production, there have been rare efforts to engineer and optimize de novo microbial biosynthesis of isoflavones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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De novo biosynthesis of bioactive isoflavonoids by engineered yeast cell factories

Liu

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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Isoflavonoids comprise a class of plant natural products with great nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and agricultural significance. Their low abundance in nature and structural complexity however hampers access to these phytochemicals through traditional crop-based manufacturing or chemical synthesis. Microbial bioproduction therefore represents an attractive alternative. Here, we engineer the metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to become a platform for efficient production of daidzein, a core chemical scaffold for isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and demonstrate its application towards producing bioactive glucosides from glucose, following the screening-reconstruction-application engineering framework. First, we rebuild daidzein biosynthesis in yeast and its production is then improved by 94-fold through screening biosynthetic enzymes, identifying rate-limiting steps, implementing dynamic control, engineering substrate trafficking and fine-tuning competing metabolic processes. The optimized strain produces up to 85.4 mg L−1 of daidzein and introducing plant glycosyltransferases in this strain results in production of bioactive puerarin (72.8 mg L−1) and daidzin (73.2 mg L−1). Our work provides a promising step towards developing synthetic yeast cell factories for de novo biosynthesis of value-added isoflavonoids and the multi-phased framework may be extended to engineer pathways of complex natural products in other microbial hosts.

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Natural Products

Cited by 10 publications

References 115 publications

Effect of Ethanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Betel Nut (Areca catechu L.) in Colonic Goblet Cells of Mice (Mus musculus) Given Orally Infective Egg of Trichuris muris

Effect of Ethanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Betel Nut (Areca catechu L.) in Colonic Goblet Cells of Mice (Mus musculus) Given Orally Infective Egg of Trichuris muris

Research Advances on Health Effects of Edible Artemisia Species and Some Sesquiterpene Lactones Constituents

De novo biosynthesis of bioactive isoflavonoids by engineered yeast cell factories

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