Natural Protected Areas as Providers of Ecological Connectivity in the Landscape: The Case of the Iberian Lynx

Abstract

The design of conservation plans for the improvement of habitats of threatened species constitutes one of the most plausible possibilities of intervention in the structure and composition of the landscape of a large territory. In this work we focus on the Iberian lynx in order to establish potential ecological corridors using ecoinformatic tools from the GIS environment to improve connectivity between the existing natural spaces within the scope of its historical distribution. We processed 669 records of the presence of the lynx and six predictor variables linked to the habitat of the species. With this, corridors have been generated between natural areas. The determination of possible bottlenecks or dangerous areas (e.g., hitches on highways) allows for focusing efforts on their conservation. This type of approach seeks to improve efficiency in the design of measures aimed at expanding the territory’s capacity to host its populations, improving both its viability and that of all the other species that are linked to it. The proposals for action on the specific areas defined by the models elaborated in this work would imply interventions on the land uses and existing vegetation types in order to improve connectivity throughout the territory and increase the resilience of its ecosystems.

Spatial Patterns of Natural Protected Areas and Construction of Protected Area Groups in Guangdong Province

“…Studies regarding fragmentation reveal the importance of the connectivity of NPAs to sustain ecological processes [ 28 ]. Therefore, the questions of how to restore the fragmentation of NPAs, enhance the ecological connectivity of NPAs and improve conservation efficiency have become important topics for scholars worldwide [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Graph theory analysis was applied to the loss and fragmentation of NPAs and refined elements of landscape connectivity [ 33 ].…”