Natural Resources and Economic Development

Abstract

The introductory chapter highlights the structural dependence of many low-and middle-income economies on natural resource exploitation. Chapter 2 reviews many theories that, on the whole, suggest that natural resource exploitation has been the main feature of economic development and trade in the developing world historically. These theories generally suggest that the exploitation of the natural resources of a country is, at the very least, an important first step in its economic development. However, the evidence presented in Chapter 1 indicates that increasing economic dependence on natural resources in today's low-and middle-income economies is associated with poorer economic performance. As emphasized throughout Part I of this book, this poses an intriguing paradox. Why is it that, despite the importance of natural capital for sustainable economic development, increasing economic dependence on natural resource exploitation appears to be a hindrance to growth and development in today's low-and middleincome economies?Conventional explanations suggest that the comparatively poor growth performance of low-income countries can be attributed to failed policies and weak institutions across the economy, including the lack of well-defined property rights, insecurity of contracts, corruption and general social instability (

Prediction of Delivered Quantities of Drinking Water and Discharged Wastewater of the Nišava District (Serbia)

“…Niš, Aleksinac, Gadžin Han, Doljevac, Merošina, Ražanj and Svrljig are the municipalities of the Nišava District (Figure 1). In 2018, the total area for the Nišava district was 2728 km 2 . Population in Nišava district was 381.757 (187.780 and 193.977, men and women, respectively) in 2002 and in 2018 it was 362.331 [26], which is less for 19.426 or CAGR=-0.33% and CGI=94.91% [1].…”

“…Natural resources (NR) are raw organic materials or substances, found in nature and representing the general natural wealth with its usable value for industrial production and/or consumption [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Statistical analysis of different NR is given in papers [6], [7], [8], [9].…”

Identidades ecoculturales en disputa : una mirada a los conflictos ambientales relacionados con la pesca en México.

“…Un ejemplo de una ideología conservacionista se encuentra en el desarrollo sustentable. Este tipo de pensamiento, al tiempo que intenta asegurar a las futuras generaciones, el agua, la tierra y otros recursos naturales, también se interesa por su aprovechamiento económico (Corbett, 2006;Barbier, 2005). En conclusión, un conservacionista es, de alguna manera, un pensador conservador, quien defiende o practica el uso sostenible y cuidadoso de los recursos naturales asegurándolos para las futuras generaciones (Pinchot, 1910, pp.…”

Remote Sensing for International Peace and Security: Its Role and Implications

“…The knowledge frontiers explore more scientific methods with considerable precision and accuracy to testify and ensure compliance with rules [2]. In the initial years, the power to master the earth's natural resources was the fundamental principle for economic expansion [3]. However, this uncontrolled growth became the reason for conflict (strategic control over oil and key mineral resources) among participating powers [4].…”