Natural weight loss supplements – Are they psychoactive?

Beecheno, Michael; Budd, Silver; Mohan, Titus

doi:10.1177/0004867416634869

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…An analysis of U.S. hospital emergency department presentations found that combination products for weight loss and energy resulted in adverse events, with symptoms including the side effects reported by participants in our study as well as rapid heartbeat, loss of consciousness, and blurred vision [5]. In Australia, symptoms of psychosis including psychomotor retardation, thought broadcasting, auditory hallucinations, and persecutory delusions were recently attributed to the use of a combination product for weight loss [35]. Also recently, weight loss DSs containing 2,4-dinitrophenol caused several deaths both in Australia and overseas [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Dietary and Nutritional Supplement Use in the Australian Army: A Cross-Sectional Survey

et al. 2019

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Dietary supplements (DSs) and nutritional supplements (NSs) can enhance performance, recovery or training adaptations, however, some substances, dosages, and usage protocols are unsafe. Knowledge of the type and extent of use within populations enables strategies to be formulated to promote safe and effective use (where needed) and to avoid adverse side effects. The purpose of this study was to understand DS and NS use by active-duty Australian soldiers. Surveys were distributed by e-mail and hard copy to eligible participants (n = 23,195). Respondents (males n = 1833; females n = 296) comprised 9.3% of the total population. Use of ≥1 DSs/week was reported by 76.4% of males and 86.8% of females, and use of ≥1 NSs/week was reported by 21.7% of males and 20.9% of females. The most commonly used supplements were protein or amino acids (55.6%), multivitamins and minerals (38.2%), other DSs (37.8%), individual vitamins and minerals (33.0%), and combination products (32.8%). Logistic regression revealed the number of DSs respondents used simultaneously was significantly different between males and females, age groups, BMI ranges, and body weight actions. Engagement in special operations was a significant predictor of the use of any DS, individual vitamin and minerals and multivitamin and minerals. Approximately 16% of regular DS users reported experiencing one or more side effects, with the most common being palpitations (10.6%), tingling or numbness in the face, fingers, arms, or legs (5.5%), tremors or shaking (2.9%), flushing (2.3%), headache (2.0%), abdominal pain (1.6%), anxiety (1.4%), and dizziness or confusion (0.9%). The results revealed more prevalent use of several categories of DSs and NSs among some subgroups. Ongoing surveillance of DS and NS use is important for tracking trends in use over time and gauging the effectiveness of any strategies employed to enhance the quality of supplement use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Dietary and Nutritional Supplement Use in the Australian Army: A Cross-Sectional Survey

et al. 2019

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“…Cases of (Hypo)Mania and/or Psychosis Following Initiation of Garcinia cambogia-Containing Products. [6][7][8][9][10]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10] A dose-risk relationship cannot be established at this time, as G cambogiacontaining products and quantities consumed were not fully described in past reports and potential exists for HCA content variability in marketed products. 2,[6][7][8][9][10] However, it appears that psychiatric adverse events can occur at doses recommended by the package labeling of commercially available products. Of the 7 previous reports, 3 patients had no past psychiatric history, 2 had a history of bipolar I disorder, 1 had a history of bipolar II disorder, and 1 had previous G cambogiarelated psychosis.…”

Section: Authormentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Seven prior case reports describe (hypo)mania and/or psychosis following G cambogia consumption, in which supplement use was stopped on all occurrences (Table 1). [6][7][8][9][10] Only 1 case demonstrated symptomatic improvement in hypomania after discontinuation of G cambogia without the use of other pharmacological intervention. 8 According to these reports, psychiatric symptom onset appears to occur between 1 and 8 weeks following initiation of G cambogia.…”

Section: Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible Garcinia cambogia-Induced Mania With Psychosis: A Case Report

Nguyen

Timmer

Davison

et al. 2017

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Garcinia cambogia is a Southeast Asian fruit becoming increasingly popular as a weight management supplement. Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is the primary active ingredient which demonstrates serotonergic- and muscarinic-enhancing properties via inhibition of selective serotonin reuptake and acetylcholinesterase. We report a young adult female with no history of bipolar disorder who developed mania and psychosis approximately 1 week following initiation of G cambogia and the Cleanse and Detox™ dietary supplement manufactured by Apex Vitality Health. She presented with a predominantly expansive mood, psychomotor agitation, disorganized and pressured speech, flight of ideas, grandiosity, delusions, and auditory hallucinations. Following discontinuation of G cambogia and the initiation of lithium and quetiapine, the patient experienced rapid and progressive mood stabilization and was discharged after 8 days. Seven previous case reports associating (hypo)mania and/or psychosis with G cambogia consumption have been published. The chronology of mania and/or psychosis onset may appear between 1 and 8 weeks following initiation of G cambogia. Psychiatric symptoms have resolved with G cambogia discontinuation in some instances and may not require chronic pharmacotherapy. Our report should encourage further research and case reports regarding this adverse event and the reconciliation of complete herbal supplement use at clinic visits and hospital admissions.

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“…Despite the benefits present in the species, some studies have shown that its consumption can cause adverse effects, such as headache, dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, and diarrhea [ 118 ]. Recent studies have described (hypo)mania and/or psychosis after the consumption of G. cambogia [ 87 , 119 , 120 , 121 ]. Some liver complications have also been reported, such as hepatotoxicity, with acute hepatic lesions, acute hepatitis, and hepatic insufficiency requiring transplant [ 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 ].…”

Section: Garcinia Species and Bioactive Compounmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Potential of Garcinia Species and Their Compounds

et al. 2020

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Garcinia is a genus of Clusiaceae, distributed throughout tropical Asia, Africa, New Caledonia, Polynesia, and Brazil. Garcinia plants contain a broad range of biologically active metabolites which, in the last few decades, have received considerable attention due to the chemical compositions of their extracts, with compounds which have been shown to have beneficial effects in several diseases. Our work had the objective of reviewing the benefits of five Garcinia species (G. brasiliensis, G. gardneriana, G. pedunculata, G. cambogia, and G. mangstana). These species provide a rich natural source of bioactive compounds with relevant therapeutic properties and anti-inflammatory effects, such as for the treatment of skin disorders, wounds, pain, and infections, having demonstrated antinociceptive, antioxidant, antitumoral, antifungal, anticancer, antihistaminic, antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, antiviral, vasodilator, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and cardioprotective properties. This demonstrates the relevance of the genus as a rich source of compounds with valuable therapeutic properties, with potential use in the prevention and treatment of nontransmissible chronic diseases.

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Natural weight loss supplements – Are they psychoactive?

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Prevalence and Predictors of Dietary and Nutritional Supplement Use in the Australian Army: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Prevalence and Predictors of Dietary and Nutritional Supplement Use in the Australian Army: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Possible Garcinia cambogia-Induced Mania With Psychosis: A Case Report

Medicinal Potential of Garcinia Species and Their Compounds

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