Navigating Disaster: An Empirical Study of Federal Assistance Following Hurricane Sandy

Grube, Laura E.; Fike, Rosemarie; Storr, Virgil Henry

doi:10.1057/s41302-017-0098-x

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…IA eligibility is also subject to income screening, as families with incomes above 1.25 times the federal poverty level (1.5 times for individuals) are instead referred to the SBA disaster loan programme (Lindsay & Reese, 2018). Recent studies examining the relationship between IA and demographic characteristics found social vulnerability indicators to be significant predictors of the number of applicants, physical damage, and aid granted (Grube, Fike, & Storr, 2018;Rufat et al, 2019). Based on IA's focus on uninsured and poorer households, we expect moderate overlap between IA grantees and socially vulnerable populations.…”

Section: Disaster Recovery Programs For Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring social equity in flood recovery funding

Emrich

Tate

Larson

et al. 2019

Environmental Hazards

120

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Deconstructing causal linkages between place attributes and disaster outcomes at coarse scales like zip codes and counties is difficult because heterogeneous socioeconomic characteristics operating at finer scales are masked. However, capturing detailed disaster outcomes about individuals and households for large areas can be equally complicated. This dichotomy highlights the need for a more nuanced and empirically-driven approach to understanding financial disaster recovery support. This study assessed how social characteristics influenced federal disaster recovery support following the 2015 South Carolina floods. Ordinary linear and spatial regression models provided a mechanism for pinpointing statistically significant links between individual/compound vulnerabilities and resource distribution from four federal disaster response and recovery programmes. The study makes two unique contributions. First, exploration of how social characteristics influence recovery support is a critical, yet understudied path toward fair and equitable disaster recovery. Second, finer scale inquiry across a large impact area is rare in quantitative case studies of US disasters. While we found flood recovery assistance to be strongly associated with physical damage overall the relationship was more tenuous in places with higher social vulnerability. Results indicate that future disaster recovery programs focusing on both physical damage and social vulnerable would lead to a more equitable disaster recoveries. Findings provide new understanding of equity at the intersection of social vulnerability, impacts, and disaster recovery and showcase both best-practices and areas for programme improvements for future disasters.

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Section: Disaster Recovery Programs For Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring social equity in flood recovery funding

Emrich

Tate

Larson

et al. 2019

Environmental Hazards

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As all households can request compensation for 80 percent of the damage regardless of the total amount, richer households with more valuable dwellings receive higher absolute compensations. Moreover, research on post-disaster response policies showed that lower income groups often experience greater difficulties to apply and receive financial aid (Grube et al 2018;Muñoz and Tate 2016;Fothergill and Peek 2004). Among other examples, research has shown that after Hurricane Katrina significantly fewer public resources went to disadvantaged groups (Islam and Winkel 2017;Masozera et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Exposure to Climate Change? Evidence from the 2021 Floods in Germany

Odersky,

Löffler

2024

J Econ Inequal

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We analyze the exposure of different income groups to the 2021 floods in Germany, which serve as an exemplary case of natural disasters intensified by anthropogenic climate change. To this end, we link official geo-coded satellite data on flood-affected buildings to neighborhood-level information on socio-economic status. We then document the empirical relationship between flood damages and household income. We limit comparisons to the vicinity of affected rivers and absorb a rich set of regional fixed effects to assess the differential exposure at the local level. Average household income is around 1,500 euros or three percent lower in flood-affected neighborhoods than in non-affected neighborhoods nearby. Average flood exposure is more than three times as high in the bottom sixty than in the upper forty percent of neighborhoods in terms of average household income. Our study is the first to document this regressive exposure along the income distribution based on actual flood damage data in Europe.

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“…This may be completed over the phone, online, or at a FEMA Disaster Recovery Center. A valid registration requires that an individual is a resident of the state and county that received a major disaster declaration, and that the registration is completed within the designated FEMA registration period (Grube et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Vulnerability Factors and Reported Post-Disaster Needs in the Aftermath of Hurricane Florence

Crowley

2020

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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This research examines the relationship between social vulnerability factors and reported needs following Hurricane Florence. Weighted least squares regression models were used to identify predictor variables for valid registrations that reported needs pertaining to emergencies, food, and shelter. Data consisted of zip codes in North Carolina and South Carolina that received individual assistance for Hurricane Florence (N = 406). The results suggest that when controlling for event-specific factors and flood mitigation factors, the proportions of the population that is female, the population over 65, the population aged 5 and under, the population older than 5 years not speaking English, and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported emergency needs. When controlling for the same variables, the proportions of the population over the age of 25 with a Bachelor’s degree, the female population, the population aged 5 and under, the population above 5 years old that does not speak English, and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported food needs. With the same variables controlled for, three variables—the proportions of the population over 65, the population aged 5 and under, and the non-English-speaking population above 5 years of age—were all predictors of the per capita reported shelter needs. The results suggest that more attention should be given to these vulnerable populations in the pre-disaster planning process.

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Navigating Disaster: An Empirical Study of Federal Assistance Following Hurricane Sandy

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Measuring social equity in flood recovery funding

Measuring social equity in flood recovery funding

Differential Exposure to Climate Change? Evidence from the 2021 Floods in Germany

Social Vulnerability Factors and Reported Post-Disaster Needs in the Aftermath of Hurricane Florence

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