Negative association between acrylamide exposure and body composition in adults: NHANES, 2003–2004

Abstract

Background/Objectives:Acrylamide is present in mainstream cigarette smoke and in some food prepared at high temperature. Animal studies have shown that acrylamide exposure reduces body weight. Prenatal exposure to acrylamide also has been linked to reduced birth weight in human. Whether acrylamide exposure is associated with altered body compositions in adults is not clear.Subjects/Methods:We selected 3623 subjects (aged ⩾20 years) from a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2003–2004 to determine the relationship among hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (HbAA), hemoglobin adducts of glycidamide (HbGA) and body composition (body measures, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)). Data were adjusted for potential confounding variables.Results:The geometric means and 95% CI concentrations of HbAA and HbGA were 60.48 (59.32–61.65) pmol/g Hb and 55.64 (54.40–56.92) pmol/g Hb, respectively. After weighting for sampling strategy, we identified that one-unit increase in natural log-HbAA, but not HbGA, was associated with reduction in body measures (body weight, body mass index (BMI), subscapular/triceps skinfold), parameters of BIA (fat-free mass, fat mass, percent body fat, total body water) and parameters of DXA (android fat mass, android percent fat, gynoid fat/lean mass, gynoid percent mass, android to gynoid ratio). Subgroup analysis showed that these associations were more evident in subjects at younger age, male gender, whites, lower education level, active smokers and those with lower BMI.Conclusions:Higher concentrations of HbAA are associated with a decrease in body composition in the US general population. Further studies are warranted to clarify this association.

Minocycline protects against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and testicular damage in Sprague-Dawley rats

“…It is also used to manufacture adhesives and permanent press fabrics and in polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis 3 . In 2002, ACR was discovered to be formed in food exposed to high temperature 4 from asparagine and carbonyl groups of glucose and fructose through the Maillard reaction 5 . Since then, many studies have addressed whether ACR carries a potential risk to human health 1 .…”

In-vivo assessment of the protection of β-glucans of Pleurotus ostreatus against oxidative stress caused by acrylamide intake (part II)

“…Other results suggested that exposure to acrylamide disrupt metabolic homeostasis and subsequently lead to obesityrelated disorders. As an electrophilic molecule, acrylamide is capable of reacting directly with sulfhydryl groups and amino residues of enzymes, receptors, and cytoskeletal proteins via its affinity for their nucleophilic sites; thus, acrylamide may affect a multitude of cellular processes, which has been proposed to formulate the basis of some of its toxic effects (15), and contribute to the causations observed in our current work. Secondly, gut microbial ecology also impacts on the metabolism and biotransformation of environmental toxins, and has been linked with the etiology of obesity.…”

Dietary Acrylamide Intake during Pregnancy and Postnatal Growth and Obesity: Results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

“…Another possible biological mechanism between acrylamide exposure and growth is through oxidative stress and inflammation. Recently, acrylamide exposure was found to be inversely associated with several body composition measures in a sample of adults from the NHANES, and high oxidative stress was suggested as the mechanism involved (Chu et al 2017). During pregnancy, high acrylamide exposure can result in increased oxidative stress through increased expression of CYP2E1, resulting further in a heightened perinatal inflammatory status (Nguyen et al 2015;Wang et al 2003).…”