Negative correlation between dispersal investment and canopy openness among populations of the ant-dispersed sedge, Carex lanceolata

Tanaka, Koki; Tokuda, Makoto

doi:10.1007/s11258-020-01065-6

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Peduncle tips may be more likely to cross the borders of ant territories as the territory size becomes smaller. The extension of the minimum dispersal distance benefits plants through the reduction of negative effects of mother plants on seedlings, as observed in other myrmecochores with regard to dispersal distance in general (Fernandes et al, 2020; Handel, 1976; Kjellsson, 1991; Tanaka & Tokuda, 2016, 2020). Although a negative effect of conspecific adults was not detected in C. tristachya in a previous pot experiment (Tanaka & Tokuda, 2016), the experiment only considered adult–seedling distances of 30 and 60 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Interestingly, relative primary dispersal distances were greatest in the two late fruiting sedges with small elaiosomes ( C. tristachya and C. pocilliformis ). As late fruiting and small elaiosomes both enhance diaspore removal by short distance ants (Tanaka & Tokuda, 2016, 2017, 2020), the role of peduncle laying and elongation in extending the dispersal distance of short distance ants might be more important in the two late fruiting sedges than in the two early fruiting sedges ( C. mitrata var. mitrata and C. lanceolata ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interspecific trait differences which determine the type or breadth of dispersal agents can cause temporal variations in plant community structure under changing animal abundance or community structure (Christian, 2001; Effiom et al, 2013; Peres et al, 2016). In the population context, evolution or phenotypic plasticity of dispersal traits allows for the dispersal ability to be optimized for local conditions, potentially influencing the long‐term persistence of the species (Cheptou et al, 2008; Galetti et al, 2013; Riba et al, 2009; Talavera et al, 2012; Tanaka & Tokuda, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, both the experimental manipulation and observation of dispersal traits are easier for myrmecochory than other biotic dispersal modes because of their small stature (Leal et al, 2015). The dispersal functions of various plant traits have been examined in myrmecochores, including the size of diaspores and elaiosomes (Hughes & Westoby, 1992a; Leal et al, 2014; Mark & Olesen, 1996; Prokop et al, 2022; Tanaka & Tokuda, 2020), chemical composition of elaiosomes (Gammans et al, 2006; Miller et al, 2020; Pfeiffer et al, 2010), timing of diaspore release (Boulay et al, 2007; Guitián & Garrido, 2006; Oberrath & Böhning‐Gaese, 2002; Ruhren & Dudash, 1996; Tanaka & Tokuda, 2017), and degree of diaspore clumping (Gorb & Gorb, 2000; Hughes & Westoby, 1992a; Ohkawara et al, 1996; Ohkawara & Higashi, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extension of the primary dispersal distance through peduncle laying and elongation promotes myrmecochory in Japanese sedges

Tanaka

2023

Plant Species Biology

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Postfloral peduncle laying is regarded as an element of myrmecochorous syndrome, which is presumed to facilitate seed discovery by ants by presenting seeds on the ground. However, this presumption does not explain why the peduncles should lay down rather than dropping diaspores on the ground. In this study, an alternative hypothesis is proposed, the distance hypothesis, stating that peduncle laying extends the primary dispersal distance and thereby enhances myrmecochory or functions as an insurance against myrmecochory failure. To test the distance hypothesis, I focused on several myrmecochorous sedge species. First, the occurrence of postfloral peduncle elongation was examined, which contributes to the extension of primary dispersal distance and is not directly relevant to seed presentation on the ground. The primary dispersal distances relative to sedge canopy radius were quantified to infer the insurance function, that is, the extent to which peduncle laying and elongation alone isolate seedlings from the sedge canopy. The effect of primary dispersal distances on myrmecochory were examined in a field experiment. Postfloral peduncle elongation was observed in all species examined. The insurance function of peduncle laying and elongation was supported in a subset of sedge species, in which primary dispersal distances were approximately twice as long as the sedge canopy radius. The field experiment revealed that longer primary dispersal distances increased both the number of ant nests into which diaspores were transported and myrmecochorous dispersal distances. These results support the distance hypothesis and highlight the need to reconsider the function of peduncle laying in myrmecochores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extension of the primary dispersal distance through peduncle laying and elongation promotes myrmecochory in Japanese sedges

Tanaka

2023

Plant Species Biology

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Comprehensive Decision Index of Logging (CDIL) and Visual Simulation Based on Horizontal and Vertical Structure Parameters

Lei

Zhang

Qiu

et al. 2023

Forests

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The comprehensive indexes approach based on stand structure parameters is mainly used to select trees for harvest. However, these indexes do not consider the comprehensive impact of horizontal and vertical structures, leading to an incomplete analysis of the forest structure and an inaccurate selection of trees for harvest. To solve this problem, we constructed a comprehensive decision index of logging (CDIL), integrating horizontal and vertical structure parameters which can identify harvest trees more scientifically. In this study, we took the Shanxia Forest Farm in the Jiangxi Province of China as the experimental area and used mixed broadleaf/conifer forests at different ages as our experimental sample. We selected eight horizontal and vertical spatial structure parameters to establish an efficient, objective, and accurate comprehensive decision index of logging. We combined 3D visualization technology to realize the dynamic visualization simulation of the index at different intensities of tending and felling management. The results indicated that the proposed CDIL-index could effectively optimize the forest spatial structure. From the perspective of stand structure adjustment, the optimal thinning intensity was 20%. The average CDIL in each plot decreased by more than 80% after logging, while the change range of each plot was between 30% and 70% after the F index proposed by Lv et al. was applied to implement tending and logging. The CDIL was 11.4% more accurate in selecting trees for harvesting than the F index. In this study, the main conclusion is that the CDIL would enable forest managers to more accurately choose trees for harvesting, leading to forest adjustment that would reduce the competition pressure among trees and improve the distribution and health of trees, possibly making the forest structure more stable.

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Data from: Negative correlation between dispersal investment and canopy openness among populations of the ant-dispersed sedge, Carex lanceolata

Tanaka

2020

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Negative correlation between dispersal investment and canopy openness among populations of the ant-dispersed sedge, Carex lanceolata

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Extension of the primary dispersal distance through peduncle laying and elongation promotes myrmecochory in Japanese sedges

Extension of the primary dispersal distance through peduncle laying and elongation promotes myrmecochory in Japanese sedges

Comprehensive Decision Index of Logging (CDIL) and Visual Simulation Based on Horizontal and Vertical Structure Parameters

Data from: Negative correlation between dispersal investment and canopy openness among populations of the ant-dispersed sedge, Carex lanceolata

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