Neglected tropical diseases

Feasey, Nicholas A.; Wansbrough‐Jones, Mark; Mabey, David; Solomon, Anthony W.

doi:10.1093/bmb/ldp046

Cited by 308 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The disease is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by infected female sand flies taking a blood meal. 1 Leishmaniasis presents in three clinical forms; visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous. 2 Clinical presentation of leishmaniasis depends on the species of Leishmania and the immunity of the host.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phumee

Kraivichian²,

Chusri³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Leishmania siamensis DNA from clinical samples collected from six leishmaniasis patients during 2011-2012. The samples used in this study came from bone marrow, blood, buffy coat, saliva, urine, and tissue biopsy specimens. Saliva was a good source for L. siamensis DNA by polymerase chain reaction. L. siamensis DNA was also found in saliva of an asymptomatic case-patient. Levels of L. siamensis DNA in saliva decreased until being undetectable after treatment. These levels could be used as a marker to evaluate efficacy of the treatment. A larger study is needed to evaluate this method as a screening and survey tool to study the silent background of Leishmania infection among the at-risk population.Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical diseases caused by an obligate intracellular protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. The disease is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by infected female sand flies taking a blood meal.1 Leishmaniasis presents in three clinical forms; visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous.2 Clinical presentation of leishmaniasis depends on the species of Leishmania and the immunity of the host. Detection and species identification of the parasites is essential for prognostic and therapeutic reasons and surveys.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phumee

Kraivichian²,

Chusri³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…El tracoma es una enfermedad infecciosa que forma parte del grupo de las 17 Enfermedades Tropicales Desatendidas (ETD); estas se presentan principalmente en el trópico donde predominan la humedad y el calor, junto con las condiciones de pobreza y sus asociaciones como la falta de acceso a agua potable, saneamiento y vivienda adecuada, que son determinantes de su aparición (1,2). Se ha demostrado que la posición socioeconómica tiene una relación importante con la forma activa de la enfermedad, por lo que se la debe tener en cuenta al evaluar las causas del aumento de su prevalencia (3).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tracoma: de lo básico a lo clínico

Carvajal-Fernández

Villegas-Mesa

Quintero-Gutiérrez

et al. 2017

iatreia

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RESUMENEl tracoma es una de las Enfermedades Tropicales Desatendidas; lo producen los serotipos A, B, Ba y C de la bacteria intracelular Chlamydia trachomatis, adquirida a partir de la diseminación directa por contacto ocular, propagación indirecta por fómites, transmisión por moscas que buscan los ojos y contacto con los dedos contaminados con secreciones oculares y nasales. En la actualidad es la principal causa de ceguera prevenible en el mundo, representa el 1,4 % de los casos totales y genera el deterioro visual de 1,8 millones de personas, de las cuales 500 000 tienen ceguera. Se calcula que hay 51 países endémicos distribuidos en África, Asia, Latinoamérica y Oceanía. En América hay focos activos en Brasil, México, Guatemala y Colombia. Las manifestaciones oculares iniciales son epífora, inyección conjuntival y secreción mucopurulenta; con el curso crónico se producen queratitis, entropión, triquiasis y opacidades corneales. El diagnóstico es básicamente clínico. Para eliminar esta enfermedad, la Organización Mundial de la Salud formuló el Programa Global para la Eliminación del Tracoma para 2020, basado en la implementación de la estrategia SAFE, consistente en cirugía para evitar complicaciones, tratamiento antibiótico, higiene facial y corporal y mejoramiento de las condiciones ambientales.

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“…NTDs principally affect more than one billion people in 149 countries in the world's poorest regions (Feasey et al 2010;WHO 2015a). Malaria is caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, with P. falciparum being the deadliest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is caused by Trypanasoma brucei rhodesiense, a parasite which enters the body through the bites of tsetse flies. An estimated 70 million people are at risk (Feasey et al 2010). Chagas' disease (American trypanasomiasis) that is caused by Trypanasoma cruzi affects around 18 million people in Latin America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of in vitro antiprotozoal activity of Ajuga laxmannii and its secondary metabolites

Atay

Kırmızıbekmez

Kaiser

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Some Ajuga L. (Lamiaceae) species are traditionally used for the treatment of malaria, as well as fever, which is a common symptom of many parasitic diseases. Objective In the continuation of our studies on the identification of antiprotozoal secondary metabolites of Turkish Lamiaceae species, we have investigated the aerial parts of Ajuga laxmannii. Materials and methods The aerial parts of A. laxmannii were extracted with MeOH. The H 2 O subextract was subjected to polyamide, C 18 -MPLC and SiO 2 CCs to yield eight metabolites. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and MS analyses. The extract, subextracts as well as the isolates were tested for their in vitro antiprotozoal activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanasoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi and Leishmania donovani at concentrations of 90-0.123 mg/mL. Results Two iridoid glycosides harpagide (1) and 8-O-acetylharpagide (2), three o-coumaric acid derivatives cis-melilotoside (3), trans-melilotoside (4) and dihydromelilotoside (5), two phenylethanoid glycosides verbascoside (6) and galactosylmartynoside (7) and a flavone-C-glycoside, isoorientin (8) were isolated. Many compounds showed moderate to good antiparasitic activity, with isoorientin (8) displaying the most significant antimalarial potential (an IC 50 value of 9.7 mg/mL). Discussion and conclusion This is the first report on the antiprotozoal evaluation of A. laxmannii extracts and isolates. Furthermore, isoorientin and dihydromelilotoside are being reported for the first time from the genus Ajuga.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Neglected tropical diseases

Abstract: Although there are proven strategies to control several NTDs, these diseases continue to cause a massive burden of morbidity. There is urgent need for more basic and operational research, drug and vaccine development, and greater prioritization by governments and international agencies.

Cited by 308 publications

References 86 publications

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Tracoma: de lo básico a lo clínico

Evaluation of in vitro antiprotozoal activity of Ajuga laxmannii and its secondary metabolites

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