Nematode galectin binds IgE and modulates mast cell activity

Donskow‐Łysoniewska, Katarzyna; Maruszewska-Cheruiyot, Marta; Krawczak-Wójcik, Katarzyna; González, J.; Hernández, Julia N.; Stear, M. J.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109807

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Angiostrongylus cantonensis gal-1 induces apoptosis of macrophages through the apoptotic signaling pathway activation and is dependent on annexin A2 [ 39 ]. In our previous studies, we found that galectin from Teladorsagia circumcincta modified mast cell activity [ 40 ]. It is an immunomodulatory mechanism used by nematodes to enhance their establishment and survival [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies, we found that galectin from Teladorsagia circumcincta modified mast cell activity [ 40 ]. It is an immunomodulatory mechanism used by nematodes to enhance their establishment and survival [ 40 ]. Hence, the presence of galectins in the secretome of nematodes may contribute to the therapeutic effect, especially considering the role of mast cells in contributing to IBD pathogenesis [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Intestinal Inflammation on Nematode’s Excretory–Secretory Proteome

Maruszewska-Cheruiyot,

Szewczak,

Krawczak-Wójcik

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Parasitic nematodes and their products are promising candidates for therapeutics against inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Two species of nematodes, the hookworm Necator americanus and the whipworm Trichuis suis, are being used in clinical treatment trials of IBD referred to as “helminth therapy”. Heligmosomoides polygyrus is a well-known model for human hookworm infections. Excretory–secretory (ES) products of H. polygyrus L4 stage that developed during colitis show a different immunomodulatory effect compared to the ES of H. polgyrus from healthy mice. The aim of the study was to evaluate excretory–secretory proteins produced by H. polygyrus L4 stage males and females that developed in the colitic milieu. Mass spectrometry was used to identify proteins. Blast2GO was used to investigate the functions of the discovered proteins. A total of 387 proteins were identified in the ES of H. polygyrus L4 males (HpC males), and 330 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 females that developed in the colitic milieu (HpC females). In contrast, only 200 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 males (Hp males) and 218 in the ES of L4 females (Hp females) that developed in control conditions. Most of the proteins (123) were detected in all groups. Unique proteins identified in the ES of HpC females included annexin, lysozyme-2, apyrase, and galectin. Venom allergen/Ancylostoma-secreted protein-like, transthyretin-like family proteins, and galectins were found in the secretome of HpC males but not in the secretome of control males. These molecules may be responsible for the therapeutic effects of nematodes in DSS-induced colitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Intestinal Inflammation on Nematode’s Excretory–Secretory Proteome

Maruszewska-Cheruiyot,

Szewczak,

Krawczak-Wójcik

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Only a small number of immunomodulators have been identified in each nematode, consistent with the idea that much of the immunomodulatory effect is due to a relatively small number of molecules. These immunomodulators affect the immune response in many different ways, including hindering the induction of immune responses [80], inhibiting the expression of protective mechanisms such as mast cell degranulation [79,81] and promoting the induction of regulatory T cells [82]. In addition to effects mediated by specific parasite-derived proteins, lipids, RNA and small peptides also play a role [83].…”

Section: Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third member of the Trichostrongyloidea is T. circumcincta, previously known as Ostertagia circumcincta. It produces a galectin that inhibits mast cell degranulation [81]. Galectins are the main extracellular molecules that bind glycans [79] and they influence the outcome of several different nematode infections [79,119].…”

Section: Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Immune Response to Nematode Infection

Stear

Preston

Piedrafita

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Nematode infection is a major threat to the health of humans, domestic animals and wildlife. Nematodes vary in their effect on the host and in the mechanisms underlying immunity but the general features are becoming clear. There is considerable variation among individuals in resistance to infection and much of this variation is due to genetic variation in the immune response. The major histocompatibility complex has a strong influence on resistance to infection but other genes are collectively more important. Resistant individuals produce more IgA, eosinophils, IgE and mast cells than susceptible individuals and this is a consequence of stronger type 2 (Th2) immune responses. A variety of factors promote Th2 responses including genetic background, diet, molecules produced by the parasite and the location of the infection. A variety of cells and molecules including proteins, glycolipids and RNA act in concert to promote responses and to regulate the response. Nematodes themselves also modulate the host response and over 20 parasite-derived immunomodulatory molecules have been identified. Different species of nematodes modulate the immune response in different ways and probably use multiple molecules. The reasons for this are unclear and the interactions among immunomodulators have still to be investigated.

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