Nematodes found in Nile crocodiles in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, with redescriptions of Multicaecum agile (Wedl, 1861) (Heterocheilidae) and Camallanus kaapstaadi Southwell &amp; Kirshner, 1937 (Camallanidae)

Junker, Kerstin; Boomker, Jacob Diederik Frederik; Govender, Danny; Mutafchiev, Yasen

doi:10.1007/s11230-019-09856-w

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…These species are found across Africa in Xenopus spp. (Southwell and Kirshner 1937;Kung 1948;Yeh 1960b;Thurston 1970;Avery 1971;Tinsley 1995a, 1995b;Svitin et al 2018) and C. kaapstaadi has been found to infect crocodilians through post-cyclic parasitism (Junker et al 2019). Another described nematode is Pseudocapillaroides xenopi Moravec et Cosgrove, 1982 (Enoplida: Capillariidae), of which all the life stages infest the skin of X. laevis (see Cosgrove and Jared 1974;Cosgrove and Jared 1977;Moravec and Cosgrove 1982;Wade 1982;Cohen et al 1984;Stephens et al 1987;Brayton 1992;Feldman and Ramirez 2014).…”

Section: Xenopus Laevis As Uberxl For Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenopus laevisas UberXL for nematodes

et al. 2020

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This is the final version of the article that is published ahead of the print and online issue Biological invasion, or the translocation of animals, plants and pathogens to novel habitats, often with human help, is one of the distinguishing characteristics of the Anthropocene (Ellis et al. 2012;Capinha et al. 2015). In numerous cases, declines in biodiversity are directly linked to the spread of highly competitive, generalist invasive species (Ricciardi 2007;Bellard et al. 2016) and many invasive species impact their new ecosystems negatively (Simberloff 2011).In particular, the role of invasive species in the alteration of parasite dynamics in their novel habitats is frequently overlooked (Blackburn and Ewen 2017). Conversely, introduced hosts could cause the amplification of native parasite dynamics, by acting as reservoirs for native parasites that can eventually spill back to native hosts, or conversely, they can dilute these interactions by acting as dead-end hosts for native parasites (Telfer and Bown 2012). These ripples can be felt several links down the food chain, especially in the case of parasites transmitted via trophic interactions (Amundsen et al. 2013).The globally invasive African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis (Daudin, 1802) (Anura: Pipidae) is one of the world's most widely distributed amphibian invaders. Its human-mediated range expansion was initiated in the 1930s through its use as a biological pregnancy assay and a model research animal and later with the help of the pet trade (Gurdon and Hopwood 2000;Weldon et al. 2007;van Sittert and Measey 2016). Currently, its invasive range spans four continents, with established populations mainly in areas with a Mediterranean climate (Lobos and Measey 2002;Measey et al. 2012). However, climate and niche modelling have made it clear that X. laevis still has many potential environments to fill across the globe (Measey et al. 2012;Ihlow et al. 2016;van Sittert and Measey 2016;Rödder et al. 2017).In addition to its status as global invader, X. laevis exhibits recurring range expansion within its native range (Measey and Davies 2011;Measey et al. 2017). These domestic invasions were brought about by its frequent translocation for research and training purposes in the past (van Sittert and Measey 2016) and continues to the here and now through natural dispersal via overland movement and artificial waterbodies (

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Section: Xenopus Laevis As Uberxl For Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenopus laevisas UberXL for nematodes

et al. 2020

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Genera and Species of the Anisakidae Family and Their Geographical Distribution

Ángeles-Hernández

Gómez-De-Anda

Rodríguez

et al. 2020

Animals

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Nematodes of the Anisakidae family have the ability to infest a wide variety of aquatic hosts during the development of their larval stages, mainly marine mammals, aquatic birds, such as pelicans, and freshwater fish, such crucian carp, these being the hosts where the life cycle is completed. The participation of intermediate hosts such as cephalopods, shrimp, crustaceans and marine fish, is an important part of this cycle. Due to morphological changes and updates to the genetic information of the different members of the family, the purpose of this review was to carry out a bibliographic search of the genus and species of the Anisakidae family identified by molecular tests, as well as the geographical area in which they were collected. The Anisakidae family is made up of eight different parasitic genera and 46 different species. Those of clinical importance to human health are highlighted: Anisakis pegreffi, A. simplexsensu stricto, Contracaecumosculatum, Pseudoterranova azarazi, P. cattani, P. decipiens and P. krabbei. The geographical distribution of these genera and species is located mainly in the European continent, Asia and South America, as well as in North and Central America and Australia. Based on the information collected from the Anisakidae family, it was determined that the geographical distribution is affected by different environmental factors, the host and the ability of the parasite itself to adapt. Its ability to adapt to the human organism has led to it being considered as a zoonotic agent. The disease in humans manifests nonspecifically, however the consumption of raw or semi-raw seafood is crucial information to link the presentation of the parasite with the disease. The use of morphological and molecular tests is of utmost importance for the correct diagnosis of the genus and species of the Anisakidae family.

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Nematodes found in Nile crocodiles in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, with redescriptions of Multicaecum agile (Wedl, 1861) (Heterocheilidae) and Camallanus kaapstaadi Southwell & Kirshner, 1937 (Camallanidae)

Cited by 2 publications

References 43 publications

Xenopus laevisas UberXL for nematodes

Xenopus laevisas UberXL for nematodes

Genera and Species of the Anisakidae Family and Their Geographical Distribution

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