Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Based on Abraxane/Human Neutrophils Cytopharmaceuticals with Radiotherapy for Gastric Cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The majority of gastric cancer patients are those who have first been diagnosed in advanced stage, in which the standard chemo‐radiotherapy produces limited benefit along with severe general toxicity, thus the demand for improved therapeutic efficacy and decreased side effects drives the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, a neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on Abraxane/human neutrophils (NEs) cytopharmaceuticals with radiotherapy is presented for effective cancer treatment. Human NEs, the most abundant white blood cells in peripheral blood, are developed to carry Abraxane, the commercial albumin‐bound paclitaxel nanoparticle, to form cytopharmaceuticals (Abraxane/NEs) which have been confirmed to maintain the intrinsic functions of human NEs. The modest radiation is applied not only to exert tumor disruption, but also to increase the release of inflammatory factors which guide the NEs homing to the tumoral sites. These amplified inflammatory factors at tumor sites excessively activate Abraxane/NEs to form neutrophil extracellular traps, along with a burst release of Abraxane to induce superior tumor suppression. This adjuvant chemo‐radiotherapy based on cytopharmaceuticals may provide new opportunities for advanced cancer treatment, which reveals the huge clinical potential of human neutrophils as drug delivery vectors.

Chemically Engineered Immune Cell‐Derived Microrobots and Biomimetic Nanoparticles: Emerging Biodiagnostic and Therapeutic Tools

“…[ 74 ] A study showed that a proper radiation dose (5 Gy) to the tumor site induced the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in the tumor tissue and subsequent attraction of NEs to accumulate within the inflammation site. [ 75 ] Although the increased dose of radiation resulted in higher expression of these cytokines and further migration of NEs, the potential side effects limited the radiation dose. Therefore, direct administration of NEs was introduced as an alternative.…”

Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer

“…AUC brain was the highest suggesting highest targeting efficiency due to neutrophils. Neutrophil [ 244 ] Commercially available PTX formulation: Abraxane dispersed within human NEs in combination with radiotherapy by 5-Gy. Gastric cancer: SNU719 tumor-bearing mice.…”

Neutrophil and Nanoparticles Delivery to Tumor: Is It Going to Carry That Weight?

“…So far, the efficacy of NΦ‐based drug delivery has been proved for curing inflammation, [ 144–149 ] stroke, [ 150 ] rheumatoid arthritis, [ 45 ] and cancer. [ 148,149,151–160 ] Table 2 summarizes animal studies, where NΦs have been used to enhance NP accumulation in tumors.…”