Neocortical Neural Sprouting, Synaptogenesis, and Behavioral Recovery After Neocortical Infarction in Rats

Stroemer, R. Paul; Kent, Thomas A.; Hulsebosch, Claire E.

doi:10.1161/01.str.26.11.2135

Cited by 477 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Diffusion remote from MCA infarctsform synapses in previously empty spaces (Carmichael, 2003;Kristt, 1987;Stroemer et al, 1995Stroemer et al, , 1998). An alternative explanation would be a transient increase in axonal density related to neuronal regeneration as observed in the ipsilateral striatum and hippocampus in animal models of MCA occlusion (Nadareishvili and Hallenbeck, 2003;Nakatomi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Diffusion Changes in Cerebral Hemispheres after MCA Infarcts

Buffon

Molko

Hervé

et al. 2005

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Diffusion tensor imaging can be used in vivo to assess the longitudinal and regional microstructural changes occurring after middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarcts in humans. Nine patients were investigated 1 week (D7), 1 (M1), 3 (M3), and 6 months (M6) after the occurrence of an isolated MCA infarction. First, an overall analysis was performed using histograms of mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in each hemisphere. Thereafter, the regional pattern of diffusion changes was investigated voxel by voxel with statistical parametric mapping 99. In the hemisphere ipsilateral to the infarction, histogram analysis revealed a significant decrease in FA between D7 and M6 associated with a progressive increase in MD from D7 to M3. Remote from the MCA territory, the voxel by voxel analyses detected a significant increase in MD within the thalamus at M3 and M6 and a reduction in FA along the pyramidal tract at M6. In the contralateral hemisphere, between D7 and M6, a significant hemispheric atrophy was observed in association with a global reduction in anisotropy, in the absence of distinctive regional diffusion changes. These results suggest that micro-and macrostructural tissue modifications can be detected with diffusion tensor imaging in regions remote from the ischemic area in both hemispheres.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Diffusion Changes in Cerebral Hemispheres after MCA Infarcts

Buffon

Molko

Hervé

et al. 2005

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…This cortical reorganization may be mediated by two mechanisms. Firstly, the activation of previously latent neural networks in residual tissue may take on the function of the lost tissue (Sigler et al, 2009); alternatively, enhanced axonal sprouting, synaptogenesis, and dendritic spine turnover (Biernaskie and Corbett, 2001;Brown et al, 2007Gonzalez and Kolb, 2003;Stroemer et al, 1995;Winship and Murphy, 2009) may support reorganization of residual tissue such that it can support the function of the lost tissue. Again, the application of plasticity promoting factors such as environmental enrichment (Williams et al, 2006), behavioural therapy (Adkins et al, 2006;Kleim et al, 2004), pharmacological treatments (MacDonald et al, 2007), and neurotrophic factor application (Monfils et al, 2005) have been shown to facilitate reorganization of cortical maps.…”

Section: Electrophysiological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

et al. 2010

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“…On the other side, there is evidence of a range of responses to tissue injury to produce a facilitatory environment for repair, including upregulation of growth factor genes and promoters of angiogenesis, enhanced plasticity, as well as mobilisation of endogenous neural stem cells. [12][13][14] The tissue outcome of stroke ultimately, however, is a cystic fluid-filled space of variable volume, surrounded by a gliotic rim.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical trial design for stem cell therapies in stroke: What have we learned?

Muir

2017

Neurochemistry International

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Stem cells of various sources have been investigated in a series of small, safety and feasibility-focused studies over the past 15 years. Understanding of mechanisms of action has evolved and the trial paradigms have become focused on two different approaches -one being an early subacute delivery of cells to reduce acute tissue injury and modify the tissue environment in a direction favourable to reparative processes (for example by being anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and encouraging endogenous stem cell mobilisation); the other exploring later delivery of cells during the recovery phase after stroke to modulate the local environment in favour of angiogenesis and neurogenesis. The former approach has generally investigated intravenous or intra-arterial delivery of cells with an expected paracrine mode of action and no expected engraftment within the brain. The latter has explored direct intracerebral implantation adjacent to the infarct. Several relevant trials have been conducted, including two controlled trials of intravenously delivered bone marrow-derived cells in the early subacute stage, and two small singlearm phase 1 trials of intracerebrally implanted cells. The findings of these studies and their implications for future trial design are considered.Introduction:

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Neocortical Neural Sprouting, Synaptogenesis, and Behavioral Recovery After Neocortical Infarction in Rats

Cited by 477 publications

References 47 publications

Longitudinal Diffusion Changes in Cerebral Hemispheres after MCA Infarcts

Longitudinal Diffusion Changes in Cerebral Hemispheres after MCA Infarcts

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

Clinical trial design for stem cell therapies in stroke: What have we learned?

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