Neoliberal restructuring, neoregulation, and the Mexican poultry industry

Martínez-Gómez, Francisco; Manrique, Gilberto Aboites; Constance, Douglas H.

doi:10.1007/s10460-013-9431-0

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is a tendency to divide animal operations by scale and apply labels to them, but caution should be taken in interpreting these labels, since they are dependent on context and may even vary with time. For this reason, we refrain from providing a uniform typology here, and instead refer readers to country-specific sources with classifications for Brazil [67], China [63, 65, 66, 103, 118, 119], Ethiopia [120–122], India [123], Kenya [90, 123, 124], Mexico [69, 70], Turkey [108], Uganda [92, 125, 126], and Vietnam [76, 127, 128].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Source documents described some tendency toward concentration of food animal production or related sectors (such as feed or meat processing) in several countries studied [66, 70, 90, 92, 118, 119, 124, 125, 140–148]. The scope of this study did not include mapping corporate structure or subsidiary relationships.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mexico, one source described the poultry sector as exhibiting more concentration than the United States, with three producers accounting for 60% of the market by 2005 [72]. According to another source, structural readjustment imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and economic liberalization coincided with 27% of poultry producers leaving the business between 1980 and 1990 [70].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying an environmental public health lens to the industrialization of food animal production in ten low- and middle-income countries

2019

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Background Industrial food animal production (IFAP) is characterized by dense animal housing, high throughput, specialization, vertical integration, and corporate consolidation. Research in high-income countries has documented impacts on public health, the environment, and animal welfare. IFAP is proliferating in some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where increased consumption of animal-source foods has occurred alongside rising incomes and efforts to address undernutrition. However, in these countries IFAP’s negative externalities could be amplified by inadequate infrastructure and resources to document issues and implement controls. Methods Using UN FAOSTAT data, we selected ten LMICs where food animal production is expanding and assessed patterns of IFAP growth. We conducted a mixed methods review to explore factors affecting growth, evidence of impacts, and information gaps; we searched several databases for sources in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Data were extracted from 450+ sources, comprising peer-reviewed literature, government documents, NGO reports, and news articles. Results In the selected LMICs, not only has livestock production increased, but the nature of expansion appears to have involved industrialized methods, to varying extents based on species and location. Expansion was promoted in some countries by explicit government policies. Animal densities, corporate structure, and pharmaceutical reliance in some areas mirrored conditions found in high-income countries. There were many reported weaknesses in regulation and capacity for enforcement surrounding production and animal welfare. Global trade increasingly influences movement of and access to inputs such as feed. There was a nascent, compelling body of scientific literature documenting IFAP’s negative environmental and public health externalities in some countries. Conclusions LMICs may be attracted to IFAP for economic development and food security, as well as the potential for increasing access to animal-source foods and the role these foods can play in alleviating undernutrition. IFAP, however, is resource intensive. Industrialized production methods likely result in serious negative public health, environmental, and animal welfare impacts in LMICs. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic effort to assess IFAP trends through an environmental public health lens for a relatively large group of LMICs. It contributes to the literature by outlining urgent research priorities aimed at informing national and international decisions about the future of food animal production and efforts to tackle global undernutrition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying an environmental public health lens to the industrialization of food animal production in ten low- and middle-income countries

2019

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“…Transgenic seeds are those produced using genetic‐engineering techniques such as recombinant DNA, popularly called GMOs, or genetically modified organisms (Kloppenburg, ; Otero, ). The same type of seed goes into the production of feed for chicken, which, we suggest, has become the neoliberal meat for the low‐to‐middle‐income classes in North America (Martinez‐Gomez, Aboites‐Manrique, & Constance, ; Schwartzman, ). In China, however, pork has seen the greatest rise in consumption, with grave social and ecological impacts (Schneider, ).…”

Section: Food‐trade Dependencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food security, obesity, and inequality: Measuring the risk of exposure to the neoliberal diet

Otero

Gürcan

Pechlaner

et al. 2018

Journal of Agrarian Change

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In reviewing the so-called obesity "epidemic", we critique the individual-focused explanations that also lead to interventions at this level. Instead, we suggest a different possibility: that food choices are structurally conditioned by income inequality, first; and, second, that we eat what huge oligopolistic food producers and distributors have on offer, which is in turn shaped or facilitated by neoliberal state intervention. To highlight the relevance of structural factors, we develop an index that measures the risk of exposure to what we call the "neoliberal diet" for low-to-middle-income working classes. Using this index, we compare the United States and Canada, advanced capitalist countries that are also agro-export powerhouses, with a group of countries including the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) plus Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey.We conclude that state interventions need to refocus on reducing social inequality and the social determinants of food production and distribution. Transcending individualistic and consumption approaches will help us appreciate that the state, not the individual consumer, is best positioned to implement change when it comes to food "choices" and food production.

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“… See Martinez‐Gomez et al () for another study combining a commodity systems approach and regimes perspective. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Maize as a Commodity System: Spatial Scale and Relations of Production in Turkey's Agriculture After Economic Restructuring

Borlu

Matthews

2018

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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During the decade of 2000‐2010, industrial maize production in Turkey doubled to approximately four million tons and the area under maize cultivation increased by ten per cent. Concomitant with the increase in total output, private agri‐food industry came to control 90 per cent of total production by 2010. Using exploratory spatial analysis and spatial regression methods, we are able to have a more detailed and spatially explicit regional study of a commodity system across Turkey. We argue that maize production in Turkey developed in the 2000s along the tenets of a corporate food regime according to demands by agri‐food firms. However, small‐scale farmers are not fully excluded from corporate relations of production, and low‐yield traditional maize farming persists in some provinces as an important field crop for household consumption.

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Neoliberal restructuring, neoregulation, and the Mexican poultry industry

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Applying an environmental public health lens to the industrialization of food animal production in ten low- and middle-income countries

Applying an environmental public health lens to the industrialization of food animal production in ten low- and middle-income countries

Food security, obesity, and inequality: Measuring the risk of exposure to the neoliberal diet

Industrial Maize as a Commodity System: Spatial Scale and Relations of Production in Turkey's Agriculture After Economic Restructuring

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