Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease: How Infection Control Teams Can Contribute to Prevention Efforts

Sj, Schrag; Cg, Whitney; Schuchat, Anne

doi:10.1086/501791

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As has been true elsewhere, the role of GBS as a neonatal pathogen was previously overlooked in Korea; only recently did investigations identify GBS as the most common cause of neonatal bacterial meningitis (7). GBS prevalence among those pregnant women screened in Korea is about 5% (8), lower than that of Germany (16%) (9) or the United States (20%) (10). However, macrolide resistance among isolates tested has increased in the previous 10 yr (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea

Seo

Srinivasan

et al. 2010

J Korean Med Sci

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The prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women and disease burdens in neonates and adults are increasing in Korea. Colonizing isolates, collected by screening pregnant women (n=196), and clinical isolates collected from clinical patients throughout Korea (n=234), were serotyped and screened for antibiotic resistance. Serotype III (29.8%) and V (27.7%) predominated, followed by Ia (17.0%). Antibiotic resistance was higher among clinical than colonizing isolates for erythromycin (35.1% and 26.9%; P=0.10) and for clindamycin (49.4% and 42.1%; P=0.17). erm(B) occurred in 91.9% of erythromycin resistant isolates, and 84.0% of isolates resistant to clindamycin. Only five isolates (4.2%) resistant to erythromycin were susceptible to clindamycin; by contrast, and unique to Korea, 34% of isolates resistant to clindamycin were erythromycin susceptible. Among these 60 erythromycin-susceptible & clindamycin-resistant isolates, 88% was serotype III, and lnu(B) was found in 89% of strains. Four fifths of the serotype V isolates were resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Further characterization of the genetic assembly of these resistance conferring genes, erm(B) and lnu(B), will be useful to establish the clonal lineages of multiple resistance genes carrying strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea

Seo

Srinivasan

et al. 2010

J Korean Med Sci

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“…Furthermore, provision of empiric treatment brings up antibiotic resistance and stewardship issues [ 8 ]. Reports from different countries revealed the reduced susceptibility to penicillin, and the increased rate of macrolide resistance GBS isolates for the last few decades [ 15 ]. A 2005-2007 Surveillance in Argentina showed the presence of GBS isolates resistance (in minimum inhibitory concentration; MIC range μg /L) to ciprofloxacin (32-64 μg/L), levofloxacin (16-32 μg/L), ofloxacin (32-64 μg/L), and norfloxacin (32-64 μg/L), and all were susceptible to penicillin (0.06 μg/L) (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newborn colonization and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus agalactiae at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) that asymptomatically colonizing the recto-vaginal area of women is the most important cause of neonatal colonization. There is paucity of evidence about newborn colonization with GBS in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of newborn colonization with GBS, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates and associated risk factors at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital in Northwest EthiopiaMethodsA prospective cross sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to November 2017. A total of 1,155 swabs from nasal, ear and umbilical areas of the newborns were collected from the 385 newborns. Identifications of the isolates and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done by using conventional methods.ResultsSixty two (16.1%, 95% CI: 12.2% - 20%) of the newborns were colonized by GBS. Seven percent of the total specimens were positive for GBS. The antibiotics susceptibility rates of GBS (average of the three body sites tested) were 95.1%, 89.6%, 88.9%, 85.7%, 85.3%, 81.3%, 76.9%, 76.1%, 73.8%, and 34.4% to ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, azitromycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline, respectively. A multilogistic regression analyses were shown that the newborns that were from mothers whose education status was below tertiary level, and newborns from mothers who were: being employed, being nullipara and multigravida were at risk for colonization with GBS.ConclusionPrevalence of neonatal colonization with GBS was higher than it was reported in three decades ago in Ethiopia. Ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and azithromycin were identified as the drug of choice next to ampicillin and penicillin.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-018-1350-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Following the guidelines for prevention of perinatal GBS disease with universal antenatal screening and/or intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for culturepositive and high-risk pregnant women, the incidence of neonatal EOD has significantly declined. 3,4 However, there is a substantial variability of GBS incidence rates worldwide; in several countries GBS disease affects a significant number of infants, while in others GBS burden remains low. 5-8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Incidence and Epidemiology of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease over the Last Two Decades in Crete, Greece

Vergadi

Manoura

Chatzakis

et al. 2018

Infectious Disease Reports

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Group B streptococcus (GBS) remains a leading cause of neonatal disease. However, GBS rates and prevention strategies vary considerably worldwide. Herein, we investigated the burden and epidemiological trends of neonatal GBS infections in our area (Greece) over the last two decades. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study that includes all cases of culture-proven GBS disease in infants <90 days old in the last 22 years. Neonatal GBS incidence was 0.17/1000 live births (95%CI: 0.11-0.21). A significant increase was noted during the second decade (0.23 vs 0.10/1000, P<0.05). Late onset disease (LOD) significantly increased during the second decade (0.08 vs 0.02, P<0.05). Infants in the LOD group had a higher risk of meningitis (RR 1.8, 95%CI: 1.23-2.71). Long-term neurological sequelae were reported in 42.8% of meningitis cases. The mortality rate was 8%. The incidence of neonatal GBS disease in our area is among the lowest reported, but an increase was noted the last decade mainly due a rise in the LOD. The burden of LOD, the mortality and long-term disability are still substantial, thus effective prevention strategies − including maternal vaccination for neonatal GBS − are needed.

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Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease: How Infection Control Teams Can Contribute to Prevention Efforts

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea

Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea

Newborn colonization and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus agalactiae at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Changes in the Incidence and Epidemiology of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease over the Last Two Decades in Crete, Greece

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