Neonatal Immune Development in the Calf and Its Impact on Vaccine Response

Chase, Christopher; Hurley, David J.; Reber, A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.11.001

Cited by 344 publications

(373 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This suggests that calves as young as 3 weeks are able to produce the same or even a better immune response than older animals, as also reported by Chase et al [43].…”

Section: Daysupporting

confidence: 81%

Vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) with Bopriva significantly decreases testicular development, serum testosterone levels and physical activity in pubertal bulls

Janett

Gerig

Tschuor³

et al. 2012

Theriogenology

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) on testicular development, testosterone secretion, and physical activity in pubertal bulls. The experiment was performed using 44 bulls aged between 6 and 7 mo. Twenty-three animals were vaccinated twice 4 wk apart with 1 mL of Bopriva (Pfizer, Animal Health, Parkville, Australia) and 21 bulls served as matched controls. Serum GnRF antibody titer and testosterone concentration as well as body weight and scrotal circumference were determined in all bulls for 24 wk from the first vaccination. In addition, physical activity was analyzed in 11 vaccinated and in 10 control animals using the ALPRO DeLaval activity meter system (DeLaval AG, Sursee, Switzerland). The results show that vaccination significantly (P < 0.05) influenced all parameters evaluated except body weight. Antibody titers to GnRF began to rise 2 wk after the first vaccination and reached peak values 2 wk after the second injection. Significant group differences in anti-GnRF titer were present for 22 wk following the first vaccination. Testosterone concentrations were significantly lower between weeks 6 to 24 after first vaccination in bulls with Bopriva compared with control animals. In vaccinated bulls testicular development was impaired after the second injection and scrotal circumference was significantly smaller between weeks 8 to 24 after first vaccination. Physical activity of vaccinated bulls was reduced after the booster injection with significant group differences for a continuous period of 106 days. In conclusion, vaccination against GnRF with Bopriva in pubertal bulls decreased testosterone levels in peripheral blood, testicular development, and physical activity but did not affect weight gain. AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vaccination against gonadotropinreleasing factor (GnRF) on testicular development, testosterone secretion and physical activity in pubertal bulls. The experiment was performed using 44 bulls aged between 6 and 7 months. Twenty-three animals were vaccinated twice 4 weeks apart with 1 mL of Bopriva ® (Pfizer Animal Health, Australia) and 21 bulls served as matched controls. Serum GnRF antibody titer and testosterone concentration as well as body weight and scrotal circumference were determined in all bulls for 24 weeks from the first vaccination. In addition, physical activity was analyzed in 11 vaccinated and in 10 control animals using the ALPRO  DeLaval activity meter system (DeLaval AG, Sursee, Switzerland). The results show that vaccination significantly (P < 0.05) influenced all parameters evaluated except body weight. Antibody 2 titers to GnRF began to rise 2 weeks after the first vaccination and reached peak values 2 weeks after the second injection. Significant group differences in anti-GnRF titer were present for 22 weeks following the first vaccination. Testosterone concentrations were significantly lower between weeks 6 to 24 after first vaccination in bulls w...

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“…This suggests that calves as young as 3 weeks are able to produce the same or even a better immune response than older animals, as also reported by Chase et al [43].…”

Section: Daysupporting

confidence: 81%

Vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) with Bopriva significantly decreases testicular development, serum testosterone levels and physical activity in pubertal bulls

Janett

Gerig

Tschuor³

et al. 2012

Theriogenology

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“…Thus, this system represents the main defense mechanism, considering that the development of specific immunity requires time for maturation of lymphocytes after successive exposures to pathogens (Barrington and Parish, 2001;Chase et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Innate Immune Response and Influence of Colostrum Suckling in Calves

Gomes

Baccili

Alvim

et al. 2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Bovine colostrum contains immune factors, like leukocytes and cytokines that are absorbed by the intestinal mucosa of the neonate, however, not much is known about the function of some of these components in the active immune response of calves. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of colostrum intake and development of the innate immune response of calves from birth to two months of age, by evaluating the proportion of neutrophils CH138 + and monocytes CD14 + , using flow citometry and measurement of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, using comercial ELISA kits. According to the obtained results we can determine that colostrum intake had influenced the IFN-gamma concentration and the monocytes CD14 + and neutrophils CH138 + proportions in the circulation of calves and that these components seem to play a key role in the development of immune response of these animals, providing protection against pathogens, enhancing the phagocytic activity and antigen presentation by monocytes.

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“…Therefore, vaccination is one of the most practical measures for protecting calves. Since the presence of maternally-derived antibodies is known to reduce the effectiveness of vaccines [18], it is important to consider the timing of maternal antibody decay when young calves are vaccinated [3]. Although vaccination is ideally carried out in consideration of a previously measured antibody titer, testing all calves on farms is unrealistic due to the cost and time required.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of Maternally Derived Antibodies against Akabane Virus in Calves: Survival Analysis

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. To prevent encephalomyelitis caused by Akabane virus, as observed in 2006, vaccination of calves is one of the most effective prophylactic measures. For vaccination of calves, the duration of the maternal antibodies need to be considered because these antibodies are an obstacle to the effectiveness of the vaccine. In order to estimate the age of antibody decay in calves and to find factors influencing the duration of passive immunity, we conducted survival analysis using data from nationwide sentinel surveillance for Akabane disease. The accelerated failure time model based on the presence of interval censored data was used. The best fit model with a log-logistic distribution indicated that the maternal antibodies of beef calves last 1.11 times longer (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.06-1.16) than those of dairy calves. Calves in the western part of Japan and on Kyushu island, Japan, maintained the maternal antibodies 1.17 times (95% CI=1.11-1.23 and 1.10-1.24, respectively) longer than those in the eastern part of Japan. The ages at which beef calves in the eastern part of Japan, western part of Japan and Kyushu loose the antibodies, with 90% probability, were estimated to be 4.1, 4.8 and 4.8 months, respectively, while the ages were 3.7, 4.3 and 4.3 months for dairy calves in the same regions. The duration of maternal immunity to Akabane virus was different for different types of cattle and among different regions. These differences need to be taken into account when a vaccination strategy is adopted for preventing epizootic encephalomyelitis in the future.KEY WORDS: AFT model, akabane virus, maternal antibody, survival analysis.

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Neonatal Immune Development in the Calf and Its Impact on Vaccine Response

Cited by 344 publications

References 63 publications

Vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) with Bopriva significantly decreases testicular development, serum testosterone levels and physical activity in pubertal bulls

Vaccination against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) with Bopriva significantly decreases testicular development, serum testosterone levels and physical activity in pubertal bulls

Development of the Innate Immune Response and Influence of Colostrum Suckling in Calves

Duration of Maternally Derived Antibodies against Akabane Virus in Calves: Survival Analysis

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