Nephrectomy in 52 dogs for the treatment of Dioctophyme renale infection – Knowing the enemy to win

Caye, Pâmela; Rappeti, Josaine Cristina da Silva; Perera, Soliane Carra; Segat, Hecson Jesser; Vives, Patrícia Silva; Braga, Fabrício de Vargas Arigony; Cleff, Marlete Brum; Meinerz, Ana Raquel Mano; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Albuquerque de Oliveira; Milech, Vanessa; Antunes, Bernardo Nascimento; Müller, Daniel Curvello de Mendonça; Brun, Maurício Veloso

doi:10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100828

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Unilateral parasitosis is not usually associated with surgical emergencies, as shown in a study with 52 nephrectomy procedures in dogs with D. renale ( 8 ). However, this was a case of extremely severe dioctophymosis in a dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Although rare, there are reports of bilateral renal dioctophymosis in dogs ( 9 , 10 ) and humans ( 11 ), with most cases associated with patient death. Treatment is surgical and usually involves nephrectomy of the parasitized kidney ( 8 ). In general, nephron-sparing surgery is recommended, especially when there is major impairment of renal function and some renal viability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dioctophymosis in dogs occurs due to parasitism by Dioctophyme renale, a cosmopolitan nematode with worldwide distribution and common in southern Brazil (1)(2)(3)(4). The parasite usually affects the hosts' right kidney, leading to chronic and irreversible destruction of the renal parenchyma (3,(5)(6)(7)(8). Although rare, there are reports of bilateral renal dioctophymosis in dogs (9,10) and humans (11), with most cases associated with patient death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case report: Is bilateral renal dioctophymosis and severe uremia in a dog synonymous of euthanasia? Not today

Caye,

Gasparotto,

Hörbe

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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A dog with bilateral renal dioctophymosis presented with stage 5 acute kidney injury, weight loss, vomiting, apathy, and hematuria. Laboratory tests showed creatinine of 17.2 mg/dL and Dioctophyme renale eggs in the urine. It underwent a 30-min session of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning at a pressure of 2 ATA. Subsequently, bilateral nephroscopy was performed, without warm ischemia, using Amplatz-type renal dilators. Five parasites were removed, three females from the right kidney, one female from the left kidney, and one male from the abdominal cavity. After surgery, the patient continued doing daily hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) sessions and clinical therapy. Postoperative care consisted of analgesics, antimicrobials, antioxidants, gastric protector and fluid therapy. Ultrasound monitoring showed a reduction in the area of renal dilation and the hematological and biochemical tests showed rapid recovery from acute kidney injury. There was no bacterial growth in the urine sample collected directly from the kidneys. The patient had an excellent clinical progression and was discharged from hospital 7 days postoperatively, with creatinine values of 2.9 mg/dL. This is the first report of the use of nephroscopy in the treatment of dioctophymosis and indicates excellent chances of cure even in severe cases of bilateral parasitosis. HBOT was shown to be an ally in the clinical therapy of patients with D. renale by helping with stabilization and postoperative recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case report: Is bilateral renal dioctophymosis and severe uremia in a dog synonymous of euthanasia? Not today

Caye,

Gasparotto,

Hörbe

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Detection and quantification of Dioctophyme renale eggs in dog urine after nephrectomy

Perera,

da Silva,

Capella

et al. 2024

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic nematode that parasitizes mainly right kidney of domestic and wild canines, and can affect humans, and its eggs are eliminated in urine. The duration of egg dissemination after surgical treatment is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify, quantify, and verify the duration of the elimination of D. renale eggs in dog urine after the surgical removal of nematodes. The study involved 15 dogs in which female specimens of D. renale were detected in kidneys. Urine samples, preferably first-morning urine samples, were collected before and for the first ten days after nephrectomy. For egg quantification, 40 µL samples of urinary sediment were analyzed in triplicate. In laboratory analyses, between 900 and > 6,000 eggs/urine sample were detected in 86.7% of the dogs prior to surgery, and in 40% of the dogs on postoperative day 1. Of the 15 dogs evaluated, 14 (93.3%) eliminated D. renale eggs on each of the first ten postoperative days. Egg elimination peaked on postoperative day 1. Our results indicate that dogs can continue to be sources of D. renale infection even after the helminths have been removed from a parasitized kidney, underscoring the novelty of these findings and their importance for the One Health approach.

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Nephrectomy in 52 dogs for the treatment of Dioctophyme renale infection – Knowing the enemy to win

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Case report: Is bilateral renal dioctophymosis and severe uremia in a dog synonymous of euthanasia? Not today

Case report: Is bilateral renal dioctophymosis and severe uremia in a dog synonymous of euthanasia? Not today

Detection and quantification of Dioctophyme renale eggs in dog urine after nephrectomy

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