Neptunium transition probabilities estimated through laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements

Andrews, Hunter; Sadergaski, Luke R.; Myhre, Kristian

doi:10.1039/d1ja00423a

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These artificial spectra match well with our previous experimental work analyzing metal and graphite materials exposed to coolant salts with constituents (Keiser et al, 2022;Myhre et al, 2022). While the artificial spectra are useful for peak identification and experimental planning, they rely on reported transition probabilities which are lacking for some species (Andrews et al, 2022b). Thus, there are peaks not shown in the artificial spectra, which would be available for quantification in experimental spectra.…”

Section: Salt Vapors and Aerosolssupporting

confidence: 80%

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Concept for an irradiation experiment to test a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy off-gas sensor for molten salt systems

2023

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This paper focuses on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as an off-gas sensor and details a conceptual irradiation experiment to evaluate its performance in an environment that is more realistic of an operational molten salt reactor (MSR). MSRs are a promising advanced nuclear design that use high-temperature liquid salts as the coolant, fuel, or a combination of both. They will generate and subsequently evolve fission products into the reactor headspace during operation. These evolved fission products will necessitate an online off-gas system to treat the reactor cover gas before recycling it to the core. Such a system, especially during the early deployment phase, will benefit from online sensors to inform operators of the treatment system’s performance. Optical spectroscopy is well-suited to fit this task as it can be remotely deployed using fiber-optics and can detect most species at high frequencies. LIBS can detect nearly every element on the Periodic Table, stable or radioactive, making it an ideal candidate. The provided conceptual experiment discusses the facility requirements, salt capsule design, and detailed testing campaigns with corresponding simulated LIBS spectra.

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Section: Salt Vapors and Aerosolssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Frontiers in Energy Research frontiersin.org of the transition, T is the plasma temperature, and U s (T) is the partition function of ion s at temperature T (Andrews et al, 2022b). In LIBS plasmas only neutral and singly ionized species are typical.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Concept for an irradiation experiment to test a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy off-gas sensor for molten salt systems

2023

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“…In both the case of the decay tank and drain tank, additional MC&A measurement technologies would need to be developed for the characterization (i.e., isotopic composition) and quantification (i.e., isotopic mass) of the nuclear material within those tanks. For example, these measurements might include gamma or neutron detection and monitoring around the perimeter of the tanks or other state-of-the-art monitoring techniques such as advanced Raman [16] or laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) [17].…”

Section: Potential Lftr Materials Balance Area (Mba) Structure and Me...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safeguards for the Lithium Fluoride Thorium Reactor: A Preliminary Nuclear Material Control and Accounting Assessment

Reed

Evans

Kovacic

2022

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“…Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful technique capable of monitoring most elements in the periodic table, both stable and radioactive, as well as some molecular signals. [7][8][9][10][11] In a recent study, Namitha et al explored LIBS for detection of gaseous Xe and Kr in the headspace of a sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor to detect fuel pin rupture. 11 Univariate calibration curves were built with calibration samples ranging from 60 parts per billion (ppb) to 3 parts per million (ppm) and from 40 ppb to 2 ppm for Xe and Kr, respectively, in Ar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Noble Gases (Xe and Kr) and Aerosols (Cs and Rb) in a Molten Salt Reactor Surrogate Off-Gas Stream Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2022

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This study with surrogate materials shows that laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a robust tool with promising capability toward monitoring gaseous (Xe and Kr) and aerosol (Cs and Rb) species in an off-gas stream from a molten salt reactor (MSR). MSRs will continually evolve fission products into the cover gas flowing across the reactor headspace. The cover gas entrains Xe and Kr gases, along with aerosol particles, before passing into an off-gas treatment system. Univariate models of Xe and Kr peaks showed a strong correlation to concentration indicated by their coefficients of determination of 0.983 and 0.997, respectively. Multivariate models were built for all four analytes using partial least squares regression coupled with preprocessing steps including normalization, trimming, and/or genetic algorithm derived filters. The models were evaluated by predicting the concentrations of the analytes in four validation samples, in which all calibration models were successfully validated at a confidence interval of 99.9%. Lastly, pressure controllers were used to regulate the mass flow rate of Kr flowing into the measurement cell in sinusoidal and stepwise waveforms to test the real-time monitoring capabilities of the regression models. Both univariate and partial least squares Kr models were able to successfully quantify the gas concentration in the real-time evaluation. The root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) values for these real-time tests were calculated to be 0.051, 0.060, and 0.121 mol% demonstrating the measurement systems’ capability to perform online monitoring with acceptable accuracy.

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Neptunium transition probabilities estimated through laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements

Abstract: Calibration free–laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) approaches are promising for the analysis of radioactive materials; however, a lack of reported fundamental properties for these materials is an obstacle to implementation....

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Concept for an irradiation experiment to test a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy off-gas sensor for molten salt systems

Concept for an irradiation experiment to test a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy off-gas sensor for molten salt systems

Safeguards for the Lithium Fluoride Thorium Reactor: A Preliminary Nuclear Material Control and Accounting Assessment

Monitoring Noble Gases (Xe and Kr) and Aerosols (Cs and Rb) in a Molten Salt Reactor Surrogate Off-Gas Stream Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

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