Netrin expressed by the ventral ectoderm lineage guides mesoderm migration in epibolic gastrulation of the leech

Lee, Jun-Ru; Kuo, Dian‐Han

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.04.002

“…In Drosophila , both netrin genes are expressed in the ventral midline, but also in other tissues such as the mesoderm anlagen, the heart, and the anlagen of the imaginal disks 6,43 . Previous research has shown that the expression in the ventral midline is conserved in other insects, crustaceans and spiders, 22,24,35 and other investigated bilaterians 20,21,23 . Here, we show that this is also the case in a myriapod and an onychophoran (Figures 1A‐C and 2A‐C).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…6,43 Previous research has shown that the expression in the ventral midline is conserved in other insects, crustaceans and spiders, 22,24,35 and other investigated bilaterians. 20,21,23 Here, we show that this is also the case in a myriapod and an onychophoran F I G U R E 8 Expression of Drosophila NetrinA, NetrinB, uncoordinated-5, and frazzled in imaginal disks and other larval tissues. Expression of NetA (A-F'), NetB (G-L'), unc5 (M-Q) and fra (R).…”

Section: Conserved Expression Of Netrin Genes In the Ventral Midlinesupporting

confidence: 53%

“…17 Typically, during nervous system development, a source of Netrin is formed that attracts and/or repulses axons. This is the ventral midline in Drosophila (and other invertebrates), [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and the floor plate of vertebrates. 25,26 In Caenorhabditis, axonal guidance toward the dorsal side of the embryo is impaired when the Unc5 receptor-encoding gene is deleted, and ventral guidance is impaired when the Fra receptor-encoding gene is deleted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Expression of netrin and its receptors uncoordinated‐5 and frazzled in arthropods and onychophorans suggests conserved and diverged functions in neuronal pathfinding and synaptogenesis

Janßen

¹

,

Budd

²

2022

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Development of the nervous system and the correct connection of nerve cells require coordinated axonal pathfinding through an extracellular matrix. Outgrowing axons exhibit directional growth toward or away from external guidance cues such as Netrin. Guidance cues can be detected by growth cones that are located at the end of growing axons through membranebound receptors such as Uncoordianted-5 and Frazzled. Binding of Netrin causes reformation of the cytoskeleton and growth of the axon toward (or away from) the source of Netrin production.Results: Here, we investigate the embryonic mRNA expression patterns of netrin genes and their potential receptors, uncoordinated-5 and frazzled in arthropod species that cover all main branches of Arthropoda, that is, Pancrustacea, Myriapoda, and Chelicerata. We also studied the expression patterns in a closely related outgroup species, the onychophoran Euperipatoides kanangrensis, and provide data on expression profiles of these genes in larval tissues of the fly Drosophila melanogaster including the brain and the imaginal disks. Conclusion: Our data reveal conserved and diverged aspects of neuronal guidance in Drosophila with respect to the other investigated species and suggest a conserved function in nervous system patterning of the developing appendages.

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“…2 Ca, b). This result suggests a potential role of Hau-slit in the epibolic migration of germinal bands, similar to the previously reported role of Hau-netrin-1 [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Slit-Robo expression in the leech nervous system: insights into eyespot evolution

Kwak

¹

,

Medina-Jiménez

²

,

Park

³

et al. 2023

Cell Biosci

1

0

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Background Slit and Robo are evolutionarily conserved ligand and receptor proteins, respectively, but the number of slit and robo gene paralogs varies across recent bilaterian genomes. Previous studies indicate that this ligand-receptor complex is involved in axon guidance. Given the lack of data regarding Slit/Robo in the Lophotrochozoa compared to Ecdysozoa and Deuterostomia, the present study aims to identify and characterize the expression of Slit/Robo orthologs in leech development. Results We identified one slit (Hau-slit), and two robo genes (Hau-robo1 and Hau-robo2), and characterized their expression spatiotemporally during the development of the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella austinensis. Throughout segmentation and organogenesis, Hau-slit and Hau-robo1 are broadly expressed in complex and roughly complementary patterns in the ventral and dorsal midline, nerve ganglia, foregut, visceral mesoderm and/or endoderm of the crop, rectum and reproductive organs. Before yolk exhaustion, Hau-robo1 is also expressed where the pigmented eye spots will later develop, and Hau-slit is expressed in the area between these future eye spots. In contrast, Hau-robo2 expression is extremely limited, appearing first in the developing pigmented eye spots, and later in the three additional pairs of cryptic eye spots in head region that never develop pigment. Comparing the expression of robo orthologs between H. austinensis and another glossiphoniid leech, Alboglossiphonia lata allows to that robo1 and robo2 operate combinatorially to differentially specify pigmented and cryptic eyespots within the glossiphoniid leeches. Conclusions Our results support a conserved role in neurogenesis, midline formation and eye spot development for Slit/Robo in the Lophotrochozoa, and provide relevant data for evo-devo studies related to nervous system evolution.

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Slit-Robo expression in the leech nervous system: insights into eyespot evolution

Kwak

¹

,

Jiménez

²

,

Park

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

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Background Slit and Robo are evolutionarily conserved ligand and receptor proteins, respectively, but the number of slit and robo gene paralogs varies across recent bilaterian genomes. Previous studies indicate that this ligand-receptor complex is involved in axon guidance. Given the lack of data regarding Slit/Robo in the Lophotrochozoa compared to Ecdysozoa and Deuterostomia, the present study aims to identify and characterize the expression of Slit/Robo orthologs in leech development. Results We identified one slit (Hau-slit), and two robo genes (Hau-robo1 and Hau-robo2), and characterized their expression spatiotemporally during the development of the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella austinensis. Throughout segmentation and organogenesis, Hau-slit and Hau-robo1 are broadly expressed in complex and roughly complementary patterns in the ventral and dorsal midline, nerve ganglia, foregut, visceral mesoderm and/or endoderm of the crop, rectum and reproductive organs. Before yolk exhaustion, Hau-robo1 is also expressed where the pigmented eye spots will later develop, and Hau-slit is expressed in the area between these future eye spots. In contrast, Hau-robo2 expression is extremely limited, appearing first in the developing pigmented eye spots, and later in the three additional pairs of cryptic eye spots in head region that never develop pigment. Comparing the expression of robo orthologs between H. austinensis and another glossiphoniid leech, Alboglossiphonia lata allows to that robo1 and robo2 operate combinatorially to differentially specify pigmented and cryptic eyespots within the glossiphoniid leeches. Conclusions Our results support a conserved role in neurogenesis, midline formation and eye spot development for Slit/Robo in the Lophotrochozoa, and provide relevant data for evo-devo studies related to nervous system evolution.

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Netrin expressed by the ventral ectoderm lineage guides mesoderm migration in epibolic gastrulation of the leech

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Expression of netrin and its receptors uncoordinated‐5 and frazzled in arthropods and onychophorans suggests conserved and diverged functions in neuronal pathfinding and synaptogenesis

Expression of netrin and its receptors uncoordinated‐5 and frazzled in arthropods and onychophorans suggests conserved and diverged functions in neuronal pathfinding and synaptogenesis

Slit-Robo expression in the leech nervous system: insights into eyespot evolution

Slit-Robo expression in the leech nervous system: insights into eyespot evolution

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