Neural stem cell niche heterogeneity

Andreotti, Julia P.; Silva, Walison N.; Costa, Alinne C.; Picoli, Caroline C.; Bitencourt, Flávia C.O.; Coimbra-Campos, Leda M C; Resende, Rodrigo R.; Magno, Luiz Alexandre V.; Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio; Mintz, Akiva; Birbrair, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.01.005

Cited by 88 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Niche is a specialized cell microenvironment which refers to the extrinsic physical and functional factors that feedback to mediate cell behavior ( Schofield, 1978 ). Only being in the specific niche a cell can retain its properties ( Nimiritsky et al, 2018 ; Andreotti et al, 2019 ; Pastuła and Marcinkiewicz, 2019 ; Lee et al, 2020 ). Tissue damage leads to the disturbing of niches, which can be the reason why tissue or organ cannot recover completely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Produced Components of Extracellular Matrix Potentiate Multipotent Stem Cell Response to Differentiation Stimuli

Novoseletskaya

Grigorieva

Nimiritsky

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both structural support and dynamic microenvironment for cells regulating their behavior and fate. As a critical component of stem cell niche ECM maintains stem cells and activates their proliferation and differentiation under specific stimuli. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) regulate tissue-specific stem cell functions locating in their immediate microenvironment and producing various bioactive factors, including ECM components. We evaluated the ability of MSC-produced ECM to restore stem and progenitor cell microenvironment in vitro and analyzed the possible mechanisms of its effects. Human MSC cell sheets were decellularized by different agents (detergents, enzymes, and apoptosis inductors) to select the optimized combination (CHAPS and DNAse I) based on the conservation of decellularized ECM (dECM) structure and effectiveness of DNA removal. Prepared dECM was non-immunogenic, supported MSC proliferation and formation of larger colonies in colony-forming unit-assay. Decellularized ECM effectively promoted MSC trilineage differentiation (adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic) compared to plastic or plastic covered by selected ECM components (collagen, fibronectin, laminin). Interestingly, dECM produced by human fibroblasts could not enhance MSC differentiation like MSC-produced dECM, indicating cell-specific functionality of dECM. We demonstrated the significant integrin contribution in dECM-cell interaction by blocking the stimulatory effects of dECM with RGD peptide and suggested the involvement of key intracellular signaling pathways activation (pERK/ERK and pFAK/FAK axes, pYAP/YAP and beta-catenin) in the observed processes based on the results of inhibitory analysis. Taken together, we suppose that MSC-produced dECM may mimic stem cell niche components in vitro and maintain multipotent progenitor cells to insure their effective response to external differentiating stimuli upon activation. The obtained data provide more insights into the possible role of MSC-produced ECM in stem and progenitor cell regulation within their niches. Our results are also useful for the developing of dECM-based cell-free products for regenerative medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Produced Components of Extracellular Matrix Potentiate Multipotent Stem Cell Response to Differentiation Stimuli

Novoseletskaya

Grigorieva

Nimiritsky

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…While most organs of the body turn-over during the lifetime of the host, albeit at different rates, the brain appears at best to do this at a very much slower rate 27,47 . While most tissues harbor stem cells that are necessary for replenishment and turnover, stem cells in adult brain have only been detected in a defined and very limited area of the subventricular zone, olfactory bulb (in rats), hippocampus and hypothalamic proliferative region 48 . As such, if plasma fraction treatment's rejuvenating effect is mediated through the process of development and involves tissue stem cells, then its effect on the epigenetic age of the brain would appear to be modest, which indeed it does.…”

Section: Plasma Fraction Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversing age: dual species measurement of epigenetic age with a single clock

Horvath

Singh

Raj

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Young blood plasma is known to confer beneficial effects on various organs in mice. However, it was not known whether young plasma rejuvenates cells and tissues at the epigenetic level; whether it alters the epigenetic clock, which is a highly-accurate molecular biomarker of aging. To address this question, we developed and validated six different epigenetic clocks for rat tissues that are based on DNA methylation values derived from n=593 tissue samples. As indicated by their respective names, the rat pan-tissue clock can be applied to DNA methylation profiles from all rat tissues, while the rat brain-, liver-, and blood clocks apply to the corresponding tissue types. We also developed two epigenetic clocks that apply to both human and rat tissues by adding n=850 human tissue samples to the training data. We employed these six clocks to investigate the rejuvenation effects of a plasma fraction treatment in different rat tissues. The treatment more than halved the epigenetic ages of blood, heart, and liver tissue. A less pronounced, but statistically significant, rejuvenation effect could be observed in the hypothalamus. The treatment was accompanied by progressive improvement in the function of these organs as ascertained through numerous biochemical/physiological biomarkers and behavioral responses to assess cognitive functions. Cellular senescence, which is not associated with epigenetic aging, was also considerably reduced in vital organs. Overall, this study demonstrates that a plasma-derived treatment markedly reverses aging according to epigenetic clocks and benchmark biomarkers of aging.

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“…Neural stem cell fate is regulated externally by neurotransmitters, cerebrospinal fluid and surrounding vasculature [ 93 ]; glioma stem cells will similarly be maintained through complex exogenous signals in the tumour microenvironment. To date, very few studies have investigated the interplay between the neural microenvironment and MYC regulation in the context of glioma.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MYC in Brain Development and Cancer

Zaytseva

Kim

Quinn

2020

IJMS

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The MYC family of transcriptional regulators play significant roles in animal development, including the renewal and maintenance of stem cells. Not surprisingly, given MYC’s capacity to promote programs of proliferative cell growth, MYC is frequently upregulated in cancer. Although members of the MYC family are upregulated in nervous system tumours, the mechanisms of how elevated MYC promotes stem cell-driven brain cancers is unknown. If we are to determine how increased MYC might contribute to brain cancer progression, we will require a more complete understanding of MYC’s roles during normal brain development. Here, we evaluate evidence for MYC family functions in neural stem cell fate and brain development, with a view to better understand mechanisms of MYC-driven neural malignancies.

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Neural stem cell niche heterogeneity

Cited by 88 publications

References 191 publications

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Produced Components of Extracellular Matrix Potentiate Multipotent Stem Cell Response to Differentiation Stimuli

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Produced Components of Extracellular Matrix Potentiate Multipotent Stem Cell Response to Differentiation Stimuli

Reversing age: dual species measurement of epigenetic age with a single clock

MYC in Brain Development and Cancer

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