Neural stem cells for Parkinson’s disease management: Challenges, nanobased support, and prospects

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis (AP) often leads to a high incidence of cardiac injury, posing significant challenges in the treatment of severe AP and contributing to increased mortality rates. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) release bioactive molecules that participate in various inflammatory diseases. Similarly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MSCs have garnered extensive attention due to their comparable anti-inflammatory effects to MSCs and their potential to avoid risks associated with cell transplantation. Recently, the therapeutic potential of MSCs-EVs in various inflammatory diseases, including sepsis and AP, has gained increasing recognition. Although preclinical research on the utilization of MSCs-EVs in AP-induced cardiac injury is limited, several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of MSCs-EVs in regulating inflammation and immunity in sepsis-induced cardiac injury and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, clinical studies have been conducted on the therapeutic application of MSCs-EVs for some other diseases, wherein the contents of these EVs could be deliberately modified through prior modulation of MSCs. Consequently, we hypothesize that MSCs-EVs hold promise as a potential therapy for AP-induced cardiac injury. This paper aims to discuss this topic. However, additional research is essential to comprehensively elucidate the underlying mechanisms of MSCs-EVs in treating AP-induced cardiac injury, as well as to ascertain their safety and efficacy.

Unveiling the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Nanotools for Gastrointestinal Diseases

“…Pancreatitis, being an inflammatory condition, can give rise to diverse complications, included cardiac injury [ 115 ]. In the context of acute pancreatitis, this inflammatory state can lead to systemic complications such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and occasional ketoacidosis.…”

Advances in graphene-based nanoplatforms and their application in Parkinson's disease

“…94 In this context, biomaterials, including GBNs, offer the application for the controlled and site-specific delivery of neurotrophins, increased engraftment of implanted neural stem cells, and the redirection of endogenous stem cell populations away from their niche to promote repair mechanisms. 95,96…”

“…94 In this context, biomaterials, including GBNs, offer the application for the controlled and site-specific delivery of neurotrophins, increased engraftment of implanted neural stem cells, and the redirection of endogenous stem cell populations away from their niche to promote repair mechanisms. 95,96 The biomimetic graphene scaffold mimicking the extracellular matrix can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, enabling optimal regenerative tissue processes. Moreover, the high homogeneity and conductivity of the GBNs layers offer the potential for their use in electrostimulation neural stem cells.…”

The gut microbiome meets nanomaterials: exposure and interplay with graphene nanoparticles

“…10,11 Moreover, one of many opportunities also includes the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. 12 Nano-stem cell therapy holds promise to cure Parkinson's disease, 13 and graphene-based treatment directly affecting proteinopathies is also projected. 14 Despite these advantages, there are also concerns about potential health risks and the influence graphene may have on the human body.…”