Neurocognitive function in children with compensated hypothyroidism: lack of short term effects on or off thyroxin

Aijaz, Naghma; Flaherty, Evelyn M; Preston, Thomas; Bracken, Stacey Storch; Lane, Andrew; Wilson, Thomas A.

doi:10.1186/1472-6823-6-2

Cited by 52 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Genel olarak yayınlarda ise çocuklarda %2 erişkinlerde ise %1-10 arasın-da tespit edilmiştir [4,13,16]. Hindistan'da Marwaha'nın 39961 çocuk ile yaptığı çalışmada %6,1 SH tespit edilmiş-tir [12].…”

Section: Epidemiyolojiunclassified

“…Olgularda çoğu zaman klinik ve semptom tespit edilmese de bazı olgularda guatr, okul başarısında düşüklük, geliş-me geriliği, boy ve kilo persentil kaybı, refrakter demir eksikliği anemisi, kolesterol metabolizmasında bozukluk gibi ciddi bulgular gözlenebilmektedir [1][2][3][4]. Çocuklar-da negativizm, panik atak, depresyon, dikkat dağınıklığı subklinik hipotiroidinin habercisi olabilir [6,27].…”

Section: Klinik Ve Semptomatolojiunclassified

“…Aijaz ve ark. yaptıkları çalışmada SH'li hastalarda dikkat dağınıklığının, sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha sık olduğunu saptamışlardır [4]. İlginç olarak aynı çalışmada levotiroksin ( LT4 ) tedavisinin nöro-kognitif performans üzerinde belirgin etki yapmadığı savunulmuştur.…”

Section: Klinik Ve Semptomatolojiunclassified

“…TSH pulsatil salınan ve diurnal varyasyon gösteren bir hormondur. TSH'nın düzeyleri yaşa, cinsiyete ve eşlik eden otoantikorlara göre değişiklik göstermektedir [4]. Birçok çalışmada TSH'nın üst sınırı 4,2m UI/L alınmaktadır (Tablo1) [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Insidious danger in childhood era's: subclinical hypothyroidism

2017

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Insidious danger in childhood era's; subclinical hypothyroidism erleme d Öz Tiroid hormonları; santral sinir sistemi gelişimi, büyüme, gelişme, vücut ısısı regülasyonu, lipit, karbonhidrat ve enerji metabolizması, iskelet sistemi üzerinde önemli role sahiptir. Diğer yönden çocukluk çağında santral sinir sistemi myelinizasyonunda görevli olduğu için önemi farklıdır. Subklinik hipotiroidi, serum tiroid stimulan hormon seviyesinin orta düzeyde artması ile birlikte serum tiroid hormon seviyelerinin normal referans laboratuvar aralı-ğında olmasıdır. Çocuklarda %2 oranında görülmektedir. Etiyolojisinin büyük bir kısmını otoimmün tiroidit ve iyot eksikliği oluşturmaktadır. Asemptomatik olguların zamanında tanımlanması ve tedavisi önemlidir. Olgularda guatr, büyüme-gelişme geriliği veya duraksaması, ders başarısında azalma, negativizm, depresyon, obezite, demir eksikliği anemisi, dislipidemi, kemik yaşı geriliğinde levotiroksin tedavisi başlanması uygundur. Anahtar sözcükler: Çocukluk çağı, subklinik hipotiroidizm AbstractThyroid hormones have an important role on the central nervous system, growth, development, body temperature regulation, metabolism of lipid, carbohydrate and energy, musculoskeletal system. The other hand, it has a different importance for its role in the myelinization of the central nervous system during the childhood period. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), is diagnosed when peripheral thyroid hormone levels are within normal reference laboratory range but serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are mildly elevated. Prevalance of subclinical hypothyroidism in chilhood is seen about %2. The majority of its etiology is due to the autoimmune thyroiditis and iodine deficiency. It is important to diagnose and treat the asymptomatic cases in a timely manner. Thyroxin treatment should be started if goiter, growth velocity is slowed down, decline in school success, negativism, depression, obesity, refractory iron deficiency anemia dyslipidemia, bone age retardation.

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Section: Epidemiyolojiunclassified

Section: Klinik Ve Semptomatolojiunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Insidious danger in childhood era's: subclinical hypothyroidism

2017

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“…However, goiter, poor school performance, weight gain, increased cholesterol levels, impaired growth velocity, excessive sleepiness, impaired psychomotor and cognitive development are the most frequently found abnormalities in paediatric population. 5 The most common causative factor for SCH is chronic autoimmune thyroiditis characterized by high titers of thyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies and rarely TSH receptor blocking antibodies. 6 However, mutations in several proteins involved in TSH action including TSH receptor gene and mutations of dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), phosphodiesterase 8B and thyroidperoxidase have also been demonstrated as causes of TSH elevation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in children and adolescents of northern Andhra Pradesh population and its association with hyperlipidemia

2017

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Background: The thyroid dysfunction particularly, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is quite a common clinical condition in paediatric population but there is limited data available regarding its prevalence in children and adolescents in our population. The present study was aimed to know the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction particularly SCH in children and adolescents of northern Andhra Pradesh population and its association with hyperlipidemia.Methods: A retrospective study of 600 subjects (Children=272, Adolescents=328) between 6-19 years of age were included and the following parameters were examined: age, sex, total triiodothyronine (tT3), total tetraiodothyronine (tT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGL), LDL and HDL cholesterol. The subjects were divided into group I and group II on the basis of age (in years), subjects between 6- ≤12 years age were grouped as group I and 12-≤19 years were as group II.Results: Out of 272 children and 328 adolescents studied, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was found to be 9.9% and 10.4 % respectively. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in children was 7.7% where as 4.9% in adolescents. In both the groups, females were predominantly affected with thyroid dysfunction as compared to males. Significantly elevated serum levels of total cholesterol, TSH and TGL were observed in SCH subjects when compared to euthyroid subjects (p<0.05). Statistically significant lower levels of HDL cholesterol were found in SCH as compared to euthyroids (p<0.05). However, no difference was noticed in the levels of total T3, total T4 and LDL cholesterol between SCH and euthyroids.Conclusions: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was found to be 10.2% in study population. SCH was observed in 7.7 % and 4.9% respectively in children and adolescent groups. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was the most predominant thyroid dysfunction found in our studied population with a prevalence of 6.2% (both children and adolescents). Correction of thyroid dysfunction particularly SCH in early childhood is highly essential to prevent the impairment of psychomotor and cognitive development.

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Levothyroxine in Children

Brenta

2021

70 Years of Levothyroxine

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Thyroid hormones are essential for the development of the central nervous system early in life. Congenital hypothyroidism once caused the devastating cognitive and physical deficits of cretinism, but this condition is now detected routinely at birth using population-wide neonatal screening in most countries. Early and continuous treatment of these children with levothyroxine (LT4), according to age-specific reference ranges, ensures near-normal neuropsychological development, with preserved IQ, although the possibility of subtle residual effects on some indices of neuropsychological functioning remain an active area of research. Children who develop overt hypothyroidism also require treatment with LT4. Most children diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism are unlikely to require intervention with LT4, as this condition reverses spontaneously over time. These children should be monitored for possible deterioration of thyroid function in future, especially where thyroid autoimmunity is present.

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Neurocognitive function in children with compensated hypothyroidism: lack of short term effects on or off thyroxin

Cited by 52 publications

References 18 publications

Insidious danger in childhood era's: subclinical hypothyroidism

Insidious danger in childhood era's: subclinical hypothyroidism

Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in children and adolescents of northern Andhra Pradesh population and its association with hyperlipidemia

Levothyroxine in Children

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