Neurocognitive functioning in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury

Mürner-Lavanchy, Ines; Koenig, Julian; Lerch, Stefan; Venne, Patrice van der; Höper, Saskia; Resch, Franz; Kaess, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.029

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…And recent studies also provided evidence of a connection between NSSI and executive dysfunction, with depressed adolescents who engaged in NSSI exhibiting poorer cognitive flexibility compared to adolescents without NSSI engagement, and cognitive flexibility may worsen with the increase of NSSI frequency, 66 and psychiatric patients with deliberate self-harm demonstrating greater deficits in cognitive flexibility as compared to both clinical comparison and healthy groups. 67 However, contrary to our finding, the study of Mürner-Lavanchy et al, 30 showed little evidence that adolescent patients with NSSI exhibited worse neurocognition (including working memory, executive function, etc) and machine learning was not able to classify control vs NSSI groups based on these neurocognitive features. This inconsistent finding may due to the difference in measures assessing executive function (self-reported scale vs behavioral task), further research is needed to better understand the mechanistic impacts of NSSI on executive function using neuroimaging methods.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…And recent studies also provided evidence of a connection between NSSI and executive dysfunction, with depressed adolescents who engaged in NSSI exhibiting poorer cognitive flexibility compared to adolescents without NSSI engagement, and cognitive flexibility may worsen with the increase of NSSI frequency, 66 and psychiatric patients with deliberate selfharm demonstrating greater deficits in cognitive flexibility as compared to both clinical comparison and healthy groups. 67 However, contrary to our finding, the study of Mürner-Lavanchy et al, 30 showed little evidence that adolescent patients with NSSI exhibited worse neurocognition (including working memory, executive function, etc) and machine learning https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S452447…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“… 27 Neuroimaging studies have reported significant anterior cingulate cortex activation and reduced medial prefrontal cortex connectivity in adolescents with NSSI compared to healthy controls, 28 , 29 these brain region changes are crucial for the performance of executive function. However, the results of executive functioning in adolescent with NSSI engagement are inconsistent, some studies indicating little evidence of executive functioning differences between adolescents with NSSI and healthy controls; 30 while others demonstrating significant executive function deficits in NSSI groups, 31 , 32 and adolescents who currently NSSI exhibiting poor decision-making skills compared to those with a previous history of NSSI. 33 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Impulsivity, Executive Dysfunction and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Thoughts Among Chinese College Students: A Gender Difference Study

Zhou,

Zhang,

Guo

et al. 2024

PRBM

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Background The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of perceived stress, impulsivity trait, executive dysfunction in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) thoughts among college students, as well as the gender differences. Methods A sample of 890 university students completed self-report measures of NSSI thoughts in the past month, the level of perceived stress, impulsivity traits, and executive dysfunction. Results Compared to those with low level of perceived stress, participants with high level of perceived stress reported significant higher levels of impulsivity trait and executive dysfunction, and higher frequency of NSSI thoughts, and there were no gender differences. Male participants with NSSI thoughts, compared to males without NSSI thoughts, reported significant higher levels of perceived stress and executive dysfunction. Female participants with NSSI thoughts, compared to females without NSSI thoughts, reported significant higher levels of perceived stress, impulsivity trait, and executive dysfunction. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed only executive dysfunction was associated with NSSI thoughts in males, while only perceived stress was associated with NSSI thoughts in females. Conclusion This study revealed different influence factors for NSSI thoughts in male and female college students. NSSI thoughts in males were more likely associated with executive dysfunction while in females were due to recently perceived stress.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…And recent studies also provided evidence of a connection between NSSI and executive dysfunction, with depressed adolescents who engaged in NSSI exhibiting poorer cognitive flexibility compared to adolescents without NSSI engagement, and cognitive flexibility may worsen with the increase of NSSI frequency, 66 and psychiatric patients with deliberate selfharm demonstrating greater deficits in cognitive flexibility as compared to both clinical comparison and healthy groups. 67 However, contrary to our finding, the study of Mürner-Lavanchy et al, 30 showed little evidence that adolescent patients with NSSI exhibited worse neurocognition (including working memory, executive function, etc) and machine learning https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S452447…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Impulsivity, Executive Dysfunction and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Thoughts Among Chinese College Students: A Gender Difference Study

Zhou,

Zhang,

Guo

et al. 2024

PRBM

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“…Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) refers to deliberate self-injurious behaviour to one’s body, with the assumption that the behaviour will not lead to major physical harm and with no suicidal intent [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The introduction of NSSI in the DSM-5 (5th version of the Statistical and Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders) for the first time as a “research diagnosis requiring further study” under section III reflects the rising interest in the phenomenon, both from a clinical, as well as a research perspective [ 1 , 4 ]. The prevalence of these behaviours has been studied in both clinical and non-clinical populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) Patterns in Adolescents from a Romanian Child Psychiatry Inpatient Clinic

Andrei,

Efrim-Budisteanu,

Mihailescu

et al. 2024

Children

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Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) involves deliberately causing harm to one’s body without the intention of suicide. As the numbers of adolescents presenting NSSI have been steadily increasing during the last years, we intended to investigate adolescent patients exhibiting NSSI, admitted to our clinic—a Romanian child psychiatry inpatient clinic, over the course of five years. A total of 100 adolescents (80 females, 20 males, mean age: 14.9 years) hospitalized for various neuropsychiatric disorders and engaging in self-harm were studied. The self-harm methods most frequently used in our sample were, for the female group: cutting (all), skin tearing (76%), scratching/pinching (72%), and for males: cutting (all), wound-healing hindrance (85%), striking objects (80%). The initial motivations for NSSI were represented by distress (females 89%, males 90%) and seeking pleasure (females 84%). In terms of the roles of NSSI, it was primarily used for emotional regulation (females 89%) and anger management (males 90%). This study highlights the prevalence of self-harm in hospitalized adolescents, differences in methods and motivations between genders, and the need for more targeted therapy interventions. By documenting trends, investigating underlying motivations and functions, and proposing hypotheses for further research, our findings offer valuable insights on adolescent NSSI and have the potential to increase awareness among various clinicians and specialists who interact with adolescents, thus addressing the escalating prevalence of self-harm behaviours among teenagers.

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“…Several studies have addressed the neurocognitive functioning of adolescents with NSSI behavior. A recent study showed little evidence of neurocognitive (e.g., processing speed, attention, memory, executive functioning) differences, apart from intelligence quotient, between adolescents with NSSI and control subjects [ 26 ]. Research has also found that adolescents with a current history of self-harm exhibit impaired decision-making skills compared to adolescents with a previous history of self-harm, adolescents with depression, and healthy controls [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment and factors influencing depression in adolescents with suicidal and self-injury behaviors: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SAs) by adolescent patients with depression have become serious public health problems. There is still insufficient research evidence on the effects of NSSI and SAs on neurocognitive functioning in adolescents. Cognitive function alterations may be associated with SAs and self-injury. NSSI and SAs have different influencing factors. Methods Participants were recruited from outpatient clinics and included 142 adolescent patients with depression (12–18 years old). This cohort included the SAs group (n = 52), NSSI group (n = 65), and depression without SAs/NSSI control group (n = 25). All participants underwent a clinical interview and neuropsychological assessment for group comparisons, and post-hoc tests were performed. Finally, partial correlation analysis was used to explore factors related to changes in cognitive function. Results The SAs group performed significantly worse than the control group in executive function and working memory. The depression score was directly proportional to the executive function of the SAs group, whereas cognitive functioning in the NSSI group was associated with borderline traits and rumination. Conclusions These findings suggest that impairment of executive function and working memory may be a common pattern in adolescent depressed patients with SAs. However, borderline traits and rumination may be indicative of NSSI but not SAs.

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Neurocognitive functioning in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Impulsivity, Executive Dysfunction and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Thoughts Among Chinese College Students: A Gender Difference Study

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Impulsivity, Executive Dysfunction and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Thoughts Among Chinese College Students: A Gender Difference Study

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) Patterns in Adolescents from a Romanian Child Psychiatry Inpatient Clinic

Cognitive impairment and factors influencing depression in adolescents with suicidal and self-injury behaviors: a cross-sectional study

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