Neurogenic stimuli alter preoptic area and amygdala unit activity: Central effects of olfactory projections on paraventricular nucleus units

Saphier, D.; Mor, G.; Feldman, Shaul

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(88)90202-6

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Robust activity in amygdala nuclei similar to those examined here has been demonstrated toward other neutral odors (such as amyl acetate) in both awake (Saphier et al 1988) and anesthetized (Cain and Bindra 1972) animals. However, this appears to be dependent on the type of odor presented, with many odors eliciting minimal or no responses in specific amygdala subnuclei (Cain and Bindra 1972).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

In vivo electrophysiological recordings in amygdala subnuclei reveal selective and distinct responses to a behaviorally identified predator odor

Govic

Paolini

2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Govic A, Paolini AG. In vivo electrophysiological recordings in amygdala subnuclei reveal selective and distinct responses to a behaviorally identified predator odor. J Neurophysiol 113: 1423-1436, 2015. First published December 4, 2014 doi:10.1152/jn.00373.2014.-Chemosensory cues signaling predators reliably stimulate innate defensive responses in rodents. Despite the well-documented role of the amygdala in predator odor-induced fear, evidence for the relative contribution of the specific nuclei that comprise this structurally heterogeneous structure is conflicting. In an effort to clarify this we examined neural activity, via electrophysiological recordings, in amygdala subnuclei to controlled and repeated presentations of a predator odor: cat urine. Defensive behaviors, characterized by avoidance, decreased exploration, and increased risk assessment, were observed in adult male hooded Wistar rats (n ϭ 11) exposed to a cloth impregnated with cat urine. Electrophysiological recordings of the amygdala (777 multiunit clusters) were subsequently obtained in freely breathing anesthetized rats exposed to cat urine, distilled water, and eugenol via an air-dilution olfactometer. Recorded units selectively responded to cat urine, and frequencies of responses were distributed differently across amygdala nuclei; medial amygdala (MeA) demonstrated the greatest frequency of responses to cat urine (51.7%), followed by the basolateral and basomedial nuclei (18.8%) and finally the central amygdala (3.0%). Temporally, information transduction occurred primarily from the cortical amygdala and MeA (ventral divisions) to other amygdala nuclei. Interestingly, MeA subnuclei exhibited distinct firing patterns to predator urine, potentially revealing aspects of the underlying neurocircuitry of predator odor processing and defensiveness. These findings highlight the critical involvement of the MeA in processing olfactory cues signaling predator threat and converge with previous studies to indicate that amygdala regulation of predator odor-induced fear is restricted to a particular set of subnuclei that primarily include the MeA, particularly the ventral divisions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

In vivo electrophysiological recordings in amygdala subnuclei reveal selective and distinct responses to a behaviorally identified predator odor

Govic

Paolini

2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…In addition to some studies mentioned before (Meddle et al, 2000;Smithson et al, 1989Smithson et al, , 1992 showing the existence of direct olfactory projections to the supraoptic nucleus, it is worthwhile to mention that amygdaloid projections to the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus not only arise in the central amygdaloid nucleus (Gray et al, 1989;Marcilhac and Siaud, 1997) but, direct or indirect, also in the medial amygdaloid nucleus (Dayas et al, 1999;Saphier et al, 1988) and these relationships are apparently reciprocal (Krukoff et al, 1994). Elevated OT-levels in the amygdaloid region of rats and mice after IN-administration have direct access to a variety of brain mechanisms.…”

Section: Brain Areas Involved In the Effects Of Otmentioning

confidence: 87%

Intranasal administration of oxytocin: Behavioral and clinical effects, a review

Veening

Olivier

2013

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

154

128

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The intranasal (IN-) administration of substances is attracting attention from scientists as well as pharmaceutical companies. The effects are surprisingly fast and specific. The present review explores our current knowledge about the routes of access to the cranial cavity. 'Direct-access-pathways' from the nasal cavity have been described but many additional experiments are needed to answer a variety of open questions regarding anatomy and physiology. Among the IN-applied substances oxytocin (OT) has an extensive history. Originally applied in women for its physiological effects related to lactation and parturition, over the last decade most studies focused on their behavioral 'prosocial' effects: from social relations and 'trust' to treatment of 'autism'. Only very recently in a microdialysis study in rats and mice, the 'direct-nose-brain-pathways' of IN-OT have been investigated directly, implying that we are strongly dependent on results obtained from other IN-applied substances. Especially the possibility that IN-OT activates the 'intrinsic' OT-system in the hypothalamus as well needs further clarification. We conclude that IN-OT administration may be a promising approach to influence human communication but that the existing lack of information about the neural and physiological mechanisms involved is a serious problem for the proper understanding and interpretation of the observed effects.

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“…This is in agreement with previous studies showing that the amygdaloid complex is involved in stressrelated reactions. Immobilization stress produces changes in multiple-unit activity in the BMe, AMe, Ace, IC and La (6,7,37,38). Lesions of the A c e diminish hemodynamic responses of stress (8) and block the stress-induced increases in cortical and midbrain tryptophan hydroxylase activity (1 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amygdaloid complex is a structure in the limbic system, which is involved in stress-related reactions (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) and in the regulation of the HPAA (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). It consists of several subnuclei (lateral (La), basolateral (BLa), basomedial (BMe), medial (AMe), cortical (ACo), intercalated (IC) and central nucleus (Ace); see 20 for review) which are differentially involved in stress-induced autonomic responses, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colocalization of Fos‐ and Glucocorticoid Receptor‐Like Immunoreactivities in the Rat Amygdaloid Complex After Immobilization Stress

Honkaniemi

Fuxé

Rechard

et al. 1992

J Neuroendocrinology

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In the present paper we demonstrate the effect of immobilization stress on c-fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) in the rat amygdaloid complex. Furthermore, since the subnuclei of the amygdaloid complex contain numerous glucocorticoid receptor-immunoreactive (GR-IR) neurons, we also studied the possible colocalization of GR- and Fos-LI ie. Fos-Lls and the action of a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, and an anti-glucocorticoid, RU 38486, on Fos-LI. Immobilization stress caused a remarkable increase in the number of the Fos-IR neurons in all the subnuclei of the amygdaloid complex except in the lateral nucleus. The majority of Fos-IR neurons also contained GR-LI, with the highest colocalization in the central amygdaloid nucleus. A similar induction of Fos-LI after immobilization was seen in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and almost all the Fos-IR neurons in this nucleus also exhibited GR-LI. Treatments with dexamethasone or RU 38486 prior to stress did not have any marked effect on Fos-LI when compared to stress alone. The present findings suggest that Fos may function as a transcriptional regulator in the amygdaloid complex after stress and affect the synthesis of neurotransmitters and receptors in the amygdaloid neurons. Since we did not observe any effect of dexamethasone or RU 38486 on Fos-LI, it is likely that glucocorticoids do not directly regulate the expression of the c-fos gene or the formation of Fos protein. In view of the fact that Fos is capable of forming a stabile complex with GR and repress the transactivational capacity of GR, Fos may inhibit the negative feedback effect of circulating glucocorticoids and thus maintain elevated plasma glucocorticoid levels in stress.

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Neurogenic stimuli alter preoptic area and amygdala unit activity: Central effects of olfactory projections on paraventricular nucleus units

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

In vivo electrophysiological recordings in amygdala subnuclei reveal selective and distinct responses to a behaviorally identified predator odor

In vivo electrophysiological recordings in amygdala subnuclei reveal selective and distinct responses to a behaviorally identified predator odor

Intranasal administration of oxytocin: Behavioral and clinical effects, a review

Colocalization of Fos‐ and Glucocorticoid Receptor‐Like Immunoreactivities in the Rat Amygdaloid Complex After Immobilization Stress

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