Neuromuscular Activity in the Intact Dog: Techniques for Recording Evoked Mechanical Responses

cis-Atracurium in dogs with and without porto-systemic shunts

“…After instrumentation and before surgery, neuromuscular blockade was produced using cis ‐atracurium (Nimbex, 2 mg mL −1 GlaxoSmithKline; 0.1 mg kg −1 , IV) and was monitored using the train of four technique (TOF) as described previously (Cullen et al. 1980).…”

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mivacurium stereoisomers in beagle dogs using twitch height and train-of-four response

“…Dogs are an appropriate species to study neuromuscular blocking agents [11]. The use of dogs allowed for comparisons between two stimulating patterns used to assess neuromuscular blockade, single twitch height and train-of-four ratio.…”

“…The pharmacodynamic response was evaluated after bolus and infusions of mivacurium using single twitch height (TH) and train-of-four (TOF) response mea- surements. Beagle dogs were used since they provide stable physiological measurements up to 6 h and are very useful as predictors of neuromuscular drug action over prolonged administration [11]. …”

The Experimental Investigations of Muscle Relaxants in Small Animals

“…In dogs the peroneal nerve has been used and stimulated proximal to the stifle joint 160. and the strength of the contraction of the muscles of the hind leg recorded (Bowen, 1969). Another technique which has been described in the dog is stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the medial aspect of the elbow; the strength of the deflection of the paw is then recorded (Heckmann, Jones and Wuersch, 1977; CUllen, Jones and Snowdon, 1980).…”

“…This technique has been reported byCullen, Jones and Snowdon (1980). After premedication with acepromazine and atropine, anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and maintained with nitrous oxide and oxygen with controlled ventilation.…”