Neuropeptides in Lower Urinary Tract Function

Arms, Lauren; Vizzard, Margaret A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16499-6_19

Cited by 68 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(262 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, the significantly lower PACAP38 immunoreactivity in the tumor might be caused by the degeneration of the structures containing high amount of PACAP such as nerve fibers and cells of the tubular system. PACAP and its receptors are also present in the lower urinary tract such as ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra (Arms and Vizzard 2011). Higher PACAP38-LI was measured by RIA in extracts of rat ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra compared to PACAP27-LI (Fahrenkrug and Hannibal 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PACAP27 and PACAP38 immunoreactivities and PACAP receptors have also been detected in the urinary tract of different species (pig, duck, fish, rats, mouse) (Moller et al 1993;Olsson and Holmgren 1994;Ishizuka et al 1995;Mirabella et al 2001;Bossowska et al 2009;Szakaly et al 2010;Arms and Vizzard 2011;Brubel et al 2011). Higher level of PACAP38 immunoreactivity was measured in the ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, and kidney samples compared to PACAP27 in rats (Fahrenkrug and Hannibal 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Higher level of PACAP38 immunoreactivity was measured in the ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, and kidney samples compared to PACAP27 in rats (Fahrenkrug and Hannibal 1998). PACAP exerts an important role in the regulation of bladder innervation, sensory neuronal pathway of micturition reflex, and renin secretion in the kidney (Hautmann et al 2007;Yoshiyama and de Groat 2008;Arms and Vizzard 2011). In the peripheral organs, the highest concentration of PACAP can be measured in the testis, implying an important function in the regulation of spermatogenesis and testicular aging (Arimura et al 1991;Li and Arimura 2003;Lacombe et al 2006;Brubel et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of PACAP-Like Immunoreactivity in Urogenital Tumor Samples

et al. 2015

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Numerous studies investigated the localization of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors in different tumors and described the effects of analogs on tumor growth to show its potential role in oncogenesis. Recently, our research group has found significantly lower levels of PACAP27-like immunorreactivity (LI) and PACAP38-LI in different human samples of primary small cell lung cancer and colon cancer compared to normal healthy tissues. There are only few human studies showing the presence of PACAP and its receptors in urogenital tumors; therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare PACAP-LI in different healthy and pathological human samples from urogenital organs (kidney, urinary bladder, prostate, testis) with radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. Similar to our earlier observations, the PACAP27-LI was significantly lower compared to PACAP38-LI in all samples. We did not find significant alterations in PACAP-LI between healthy and tumoral samples from the urinary bladder and testis. On the other hand, we found significantly lower PACAP38-LI level in kidney tumors compared with healthy tissue samples, and we showed higher PACAP27-LI in prostatic cancer compared to samples from benign prostatic hyperplasia. These data indicate that PACAP levels of different tissue samples are altered under pathological conditions suggesting a potential role of PACAP in the development of different urogenital tumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of PACAP-Like Immunoreactivity in Urogenital Tumor Samples

et al. 2015

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“…Immunohistochemical studies of the bladder have identified the presence of a number of neuropeptides including tachykinins, enkephalin, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (Arms & Vizzard, 2011). Some of these have been associated with efferent nerves, while others are found in the afferent nerves within the lamina propria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐adrenergic, non‐cholinergic, non‐purinergic contractions of the urothelium/lamina propria of the pig bladder

Moro

Chess-Williams

2012

Auton Autocoid Pharmacol

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Statement of conflicts of InterestThe authors state no conflict of interest. Summary1 Acetylcholine, and to a lesser extent ATP, mediate neurogenic contractions of bladder smooth muscle. Recently, the urothelium and lamina propria has also been shown to have contractile properties, but the neurotransmitters involved in mediating responses to nerve stimulation have not been investigated.2 Isolated strips of porcine urothelium with lamina propria were electrically field stimulated and contractions recorded. Drugs interfering with neurotransmission were then employed to identify which neurotransmitters mediated responses.3 Strips of urothelium/lamina propria developed spontaneous contractions with a frequency of 3.5±0.1 cycles min -1 and amplitude of 0.84±0.06g. Electrical field stimulation at 5, 10, and 20Hz resulted in frequency-related contractions (1.13±0.36g, 1.59±0.46g and 2.20±0.53g respectively, n=13) and these were reduced in the presence of tetrodotoxin (1µM) by 77±20% at 5Hz, 79±7% at 10Hz and 74±12% at 20Hz (all P<0.01) indicating they were predominantly neurogenic in nature.4 Neither the muscarinic antagonist atropine (10µM), the adrenergic neurone blocker guanethidine (10µM), nor desensitisation of the purinergic receptors with α,β-methylene ATP (10µM) affected the contractile amplitude. Similarly, responses were not affected by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA (100µM) or drugs that interfere with peptide neurotransmission (capsaicin, NK2 antagonist GR159897, protease inhibitors). 5In conclusion, electrical depolarisation of the nerves present in the porcine urothelium/lamina propria results in frequency-dependent contractions which are predominantly neurogenic in nature.These contractions are resistant to drugs which inhibit the adrenergic, cholinergic and purinergic systems. The neurotransmitter involved in the responses of this tissue is therefore unknown but does not appear to be a peptide.

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“…These particular markers were selected based on their presence in the NG (Lewis et al, 1995, Michael and Priestley, 1999, Hubscher et al, 2001, Wang et al, 2014, involvement in the spinal and vagal circuitry (Bradbury et al, 1998, Cockayne et al, 2000, Vizzard, 2001, Young et al, 2008, Zhong et al, 2008, Banerjee et al, 2009a, McIlwrath et al, 2009) and the potential physiological role these markers may play in nociceptive signaling (Burnstock, 1996, Cook et al, 1997. In addition, anatomical evidence that the vagus nerve provides sensory innervation to the bladder in male rats and the presence of these cellular markers in bladder tissue (Liu et al, 2009, Birder, 2010, Arms and Vizzard, 2011, Birder, 2011, Birder et al, 2012, Birder and Andersson, 2013 …”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of spinal cord injury on vagal afferents.

Herrity¹

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Neuropeptides in Lower Urinary Tract Function

Cited by 68 publications

References 149 publications

Examination of PACAP-Like Immunoreactivity in Urogenital Tumor Samples

Examination of PACAP-Like Immunoreactivity in Urogenital Tumor Samples

Non‐adrenergic, non‐cholinergic, non‐purinergic contractions of the urothelium/lamina propria of the pig bladder

The effect of spinal cord injury on vagal afferents.

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