Reversible changes in caudate neurons and their dendrites in line with the components of compensatory reaction in oligodendrocytes are observed in rats during the first 3 weeks of a 12-month alcoholization period. After 2-4 months of alcoholization (the development of dependency), degenerative changes occur in caudate neurons and their dendrites system were evident. By the end of the 12-month period of alcohol intoxication, intensified deafferentation of the dendritic system was observed, suggesting functional insufficiency of the caudate nucleus.