Neuropsychological and personality differences between men and women with ADHD

Katz, Lynda J.; Goldstein, Gérald; Geckle, Michelle

doi:10.1177/108705479800200404

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, they engaged in more emotion-oriented versus task-oriented coping than women who did not meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Similarly, in research published by Katz, Goldstein, and Geckle (1998), women identified as having ADHD in adulthood were found to have a greater degree of psychological distress than their male counterparts. In addition, these women were rated as having more psychiatric symptoms but displayed more efficient cognitive strategies on neuropsychological measures.…”

Section: Common Symptoms Of Adhd In Womenmentioning

confidence: 88%

Treating adolescent girls and women with ADHD: Gender‐Specific issues

Quinn¹

2005

J Clin Psychol

158

148

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), commonly diagnosed in males, is often a "hidden disorder" in girls and women. This lack of recognition can be partially explained because the symptoms are less overt in females. In addition, coexisting disorders in females are often different from those seen in males who have ADHD. Higher rates of anxiety, mood, and substance disorders, as well as learning disabilities, often complicate the picture. Thus, clinicians are challenged with disentangling the symptoms of ADHD from symptoms of these coexisting conditions. In addition, fluctuating hormone levels may affect ADHD symptoms and treatment in females. Only with gender-sensitive diagnosis and treatment will the public health concern posed by the underdiagnosis of ADHD in females be addressed. This case report of a 23-year-old female illustrates the specific difficulties with the gender-sensitive aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in females.

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Section: Common Symptoms Of Adhd In Womenmentioning

confidence: 88%

Treating adolescent girls and women with ADHD: Gender‐Specific issues

Quinn¹

2005

J Clin Psychol

158

148

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“…Low levels of dopamine may reflect low levels of serotordn, and if serotonin levels are lower than average, can induce depression or anxiety. Depression is more common and more readily recognized than ADD by health care providers such that comorbid ADD is probably ignored, especially in female adults (Katz et al 1998). However, a secondarily derived depression may require a different protocol from other types of depression.…”

Section: Adhd and Female/male Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are largely individuals who match the mate version of ADHD. Katz et al (1998) examined clinically referred adults with ADHD and compared men and women for neuropsychological and personality variables. They found that female subjects did better on cognitive tests of delayed recall and visual memory than males with ADHD but again had higher levels of anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Parental Investment and Social Milieumentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental investment, self-control, and sex differences in the expression of adhd

Stevenson

Williams

2000

Hum Nat

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Women do most of the parenting. To provide a stable and healthier setting for children they must sublimate their own interests and feelings, which puts greater pressures on women to communicate needs clearly or to be deceptive when the occasion demands. The likely advantage in communication skills and self-control may ameliorate the impact of disorders like ADHD where the most serious deficit is in self-inhibition. This would account for the strikingly uneven male to female sex ratio of 2:1 (in epidemiological samples) to 10:1 (in clinical settings), the higher threshold for females, and the sex difference in the pattern of associated mental disorders.

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“…AD/HD males and 26 AD/HD females, it was found that although attentional problems were similar between males and females, female subjects had greater degrees of anxiety and depression (Katz, Goldstein, & Geckle, 1998). These authors concluded that the higher rates of internalizing symptomatology in females may result in the diagnosis of depression rather than a diagnosis of AD/HD or a comorbid diagnosis of AD/HD and depression or anxiety.…”

Section: Although It Has Not Been Shown To Co-occur As Commonly As Comentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Contrarily, some researchers have found lower rates of depression in females as compared to males (Biederman, et aI, 2002), whereas others contend that AD/HD in girls is characterized by a greater prevalence of comorbid internalizing behavior disorders, such as anxiety and depression, (APA, 1994;Allgood-Merten, et al, 1990;Berry, et al, 1985;Biederman, Newcom, et al, 1991;Ge, et al, 1995;Gershon, 2002;Kato, Nichols, Kerivan, & Huffman, 2001;Katz, Goldstein, & Geckle, 1998;Leadbeater, et al, 1999;Lewinsohn, et al, 1993;Nolen-Hoeksema, & Girgus, 1994;Pinn, 2003;Reeves, Werry, Elkind, & Zametkin, 1987;Rucklidge & Tannock, 2001;.…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidity of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and gender with internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

Peterson¹

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This study examined the association between internalizing and externalizing symptoms, gender, and the diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Participants included 104 males and 74 females, aged 6 to 16 from a diagnostic clinic.Parents and teachers completed the Attention Deficit Disorders Evaluation Scale, Second Edition (ADDES-2) to determine whether they met the criteria for AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BAS C) in order to measure internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Regression analyses indicated partial support for association between inattentionand internalizing symptoms, with higher ratings of inattention found for both anxiety and depression as rated by parents and higher ratings of inattention for depression as rated by school. Although not predicted, a positive association was also found between home and school rated hyperactivity and depression. As hypothesized, higher ratings of IV hyperactivity in the home environment were predictive of all three externalizing behaviors as rated by parents, including measures of aggression, hyperactivity, and conduct problems, but only teacher ratings of hyperactivity. In addition, hyperactivity in the school environment was predictive of all teacher ratings of aggression, hyperactivity, and conduct problems and only aggression as rated by parents. All parent and teacher ratings of externalizing behaviors showed significantly higher scores for males. On measures of internalizing symptoms, no significant relationships were found with gender and parent and teacher ratings of inattention and hyperactivity, other than in the area of teacher ratings of somatization. These results have important implications in terms of identification, treatment, and long-term outcomes of affected individuals.v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Neuropsychological and personality differences between men and women with ADHD

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Treating adolescent girls and women with ADHD: Gender‐Specific issues

Treating adolescent girls and women with ADHD: Gender‐Specific issues

Parental investment, self-control, and sex differences in the expression of adhd

Comorbidity of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and gender with internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

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